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This review provides an overview of the various methodologies available for monitoring global gene expression. Use of cDNA libraries, Expressed Sequence Tag (EST)equencing projects and databases, differential display (DD), serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE), subtractive cloning, and both cDNA and oligo microarrays are discussed, along with their merits and limitations. The Endocrine Pancreas Consortium <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.cbil.upenn.edu\/EPConDB\/\">http:\/\/www.cbil.upenn.edu\/EPConDB\/<\/jats:ext-link> has constructed mouse and human cDNA libraries from adult and various stages of embryonic development of endocrine pancreas. Over 100 000 ESTs have been deposited in public databases, and each clone is available through the IMAGE Consortium. A guide to Internet access is provided for future investigation. 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