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Seasonal means were calculated for two periods (winter\u2010spring: December to May and summer\u2010autumn: June to November), and \u0394HbA1c was calculated as the difference between the values. The patients' body composition (via bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)) data were reviewed, and correlation analyses were performed between sex\u2010 and age\u2010adjusted <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010scores of body composition components [appendicular muscle mass (ASMM) and fat mass (FATM)] and \u0394HbA1c.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The seasonal means of HbA1c calculated for 259 adolescents with T1D (56% male, mean age: 16.01\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.23\u00a0years) were significantly higher during winter\u2010spring compared to summer\u2010autumn (7.75% vs. 7.24%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001, CI: 0.42\u20130.57), (61.16\u00a0mmol\/mol vs. 55.72\u00a0mmol\/mol, respectively <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001, CI: 4.64\u20136.23). \u0394HbA1c displayed a sex\u2010specific association with body composition components in 102 patients (50% males) who underwent BIA. The correlation was significant for only ASMM <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010scores in boys (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.277, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.049), while both the ASMM and FATM <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010scores significantly correlated with \u0394HbA1c (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.301, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.032 and <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.284, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.043, respectively) in girls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is a seasonal variation in HbA1c levels in adolescents with T1D, with higher values during winter\u2010spring. The link between seasonal variability and body composition components varied by sex, indicating a need for sex\u2010specific strategies in adolescent diabetes management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.70047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T08:24:42Z","timestamp":1745828682000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Seasonal Variations in HbA1c and Body Composition: A Sex\u2010Specific Analysis in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4979-3799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hussein","family":"Zaitoon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism \u201cDana\u2010Dwek\u201d Children's Hospital Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hadel","family":"Khalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maccabi Healthcare Services  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0083-9443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eyal","family":"Cohen\u2010Sela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism \u201cDana\u2010Dwek\u201d Children's Hospital Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8030-1588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ori","family":"Eyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism \u201cDana\u2010Dwek\u201d Children's Hospital Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2588-7424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hagar","family":"Interator","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism \u201cDana\u2010Dwek\u201d Children's Hospital Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"The Nutrition &amp; 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