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Current therapies\u2014such as insulin replacement and artificial pancreas systems\u2014manage symptoms but fail to restore endogenous \u03b2\u2010cell function or halt disease progression. Transplantation strategies, including islet\u00a0allo\u2010 and xenotransplantation, offer potential cures but remain limited by immune rejection, donor scarcity, and the adverse effects of systemic immunosuppression. Within the framework of predictive, preventive, and personalised medicine (3 PM),\n                    <jats:italic>T1D<\/jats:italic>\n                    management requires a paradigm shift towards early detection, targeted prevention, and individualised therapy. Predictive biomarkers and molecular phenotyping can identify high\u2010risk individuals and forecast graft outcomes, while preventive strategies\u2014such as localised immunomodulation, bioenergetic support, and control of systemic inflammation\u2014improve tolerance and graft longevity. Personalised interventions, including patient\u2010specific biomaterials, immunoprotective encapsulation, and regulatory T cell\u2013based or stem\u2010cell\u2013derived \u03b2\u2010cell replacement, address immune and metabolic heterogeneity. Recent progress in biomaterials, encapsulation, and 3D bioprinting enables the practical implementation of this 3 PM approach by enhancing oxygenation, vascular integration, and specific scaffold design. Integration of AI\u2010driven analytics, digital health monitoring, and multi\u2010modal diagnostics further supports predictive control of transplant outcomes. This review highlights advances in islet transplantation and regenerative biomaterial engineering as key enablers of the transition from reactive treatment to 3 PM\u2010guided, patient\u2010tailored therapy for\n                    <jats:italic>T1D<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.70215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]],"date-time":"2026-08-09T14:00:18Z","timestamp":1786284018000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Advancing Type 1 Diabetes Treatment: 3 PM\u2010Oriented Innovations in Islet Transplantation and Biomaterial Engineering"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Sabet Sarvestani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplant Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"},{"name":"Biotechnology Incubator Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9812-8621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramin","family":"Yaghobi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplant Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohsen","family":"Khosravi Maharlooei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology Mayo Clinic  Phoenix Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Golshan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplant Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Hossein","family":"Karimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplant Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20111187"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140\u20106736(13)60591\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2015.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI78089"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213\u20108587(19)30412\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20\u20102541"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213\u20108587(17)30362\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011501"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db08\u20101543"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.6.1902"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09\u20109032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010018\u201029084\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2016.178"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-814833-4.00034-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k1310"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12040542"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1158278"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967\u2010021\u201002778\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2018.00283"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13167\u2010024\u201000364\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578\u2010019\u20100112\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37349\/emed.2023.00184"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574\u2010024\u201001029\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","first-page":"897","volume-title":"Maintenance 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