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To assess peripheral effects of early isolation, male rat pups were reared artificially in complete social isolation (AR); reared artificially with two same\u2010age conspecifics (AR\u2010Social); or reared by their mothers and with littermates (MR). As adults, the electrophysiological properties of the sensory sural (SU) nerve were recorded. We found that the amplitude and normalized area (with respect to body weight) of the compound action potential (CAP) response provoked by single electrical pulses of graded intensity in the SU nerves of AR animals were shorter than the CAP recorded in SU nerves from MR and AR\u2010Social animals. The slope of the stimulus\u2010response curve of AR SU nerves was smaller than that of the other nerves. The histological characterization of axons in the SU nerves was made and showed that the myelin thickness of axons in AR SU nerves was significant lower (2\u20137\u00b5m) than that of the axons in the other nerves. Furthermore, the area and axon diameter of SU nerves of both AR and AR\u2010Social animals were significant lower than in MR animals. This is the first report to show that maternal and littermate deprivation by AR disturbs the development of the myelination and electrophysiological properties of axons in the SU nerve; the replacement of social cues prevents most of the effects. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 74: 1184\u20131193, 2014<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dneu.22197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,5]],"date-time":"2014-06-05T08:41:43Z","timestamp":1401957703000},"page":"1184-1193","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Early social isolation provokes electrophysiological and structural changes in cutaneous sensory nerves of adult male rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Bertha","family":"Segura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, FES Iztacala UNAM. 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