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Using a combination of cellular and behavioral approaches, we examined the impact of maternal salt intake during the perinatal period on structural plasticity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) in weanling and adult offspring as well as reward\u2010 and stress\u2010driven behaviors in adult offspring. We found that weanling rats born to 4% NaCl\u2010fed dams exhibited an increase and decrease in thin spine density in the infralimbic PFC (IL\u2010PFC) and prelimbic PFC (PL\u2010PFC), respectively, as well as an increase in mushroom spine density in the NAc shell, compared to 1% NaCl\u2010fed controls. Structural changes in the IL\u2010PFC and NAc shell persisted into adulthood, the latter of which is a phenotype that has been observed in rats exposed to early life stress. There was no effect of maternal salt intake on reward\u2010driven behaviors, including sucrose preference, conditioned place preference (CPP) for cocaine, and forced swim stress (FSS)\u2010induced reinstatement of cocaine\u2010induced CPP. However, rats born to high\u2010salt fed dams spent less time swimming in the FSS and displayed heightened plasma CORT levels in response to the FSS compared to controls, suggesting that early salt exposure increases stress sensitivity. Overall, our results suggest that perinatal salt exposure evokes lasting impacts on offspring physiology and behavior.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dneu.22635","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,23]],"date-time":"2018-08-23T04:53:47Z","timestamp":1535000027000},"page":"1131-1145","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["High\u2010Salt Exposure During Perinatal Development Enhances Stress Sensitivity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Paige M.","family":"Dingess","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Program University of Wyoming Laramie Wyoming"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Thakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology &amp; Physiology University of Wyoming Laramie 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