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Factors affecting proliferation of the progenitor cells leading to an expansion or regression of specific neuronal clusters are expected to challenge the process of formation of precise synaptic connections with their partners and their further integration to result in proper functional neural circuitry. We have investigated the role of <jats:italic>scalloped<\/jats:italic>, a Hippo pathway gene in <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic> brain development and have shown that its function is critical to regulate proliferation of Mushroom Body Neuroblasts and to limit the neuronal cluster size to normal in the fly brain. Here we investigate the consequent effect of the anatomical phenotype of mutant flies on the brain function, as exemplified by their cognitive performance. We demonstrate that the neural expansion in important neural clusters of the olfactory pathway, caused due to Scalloped inactivation, imparts severe disabilities in learning, short\u2010term memory  and long\u2010term memory. Scalloped knockdown in \u03b1\u03b2 Kenyon Cell clusters drastically reduces long\u2010term memory performance. Scalloped deficiency induced neural expansion in antennal lobe and ellipsoid body neurons bring down short\u2010term memory performance significantly. We also demonstrate that the cognitive impairments observed here are not due to a problem in memory formation or execution in the adult, but are due to the developmental deformities caused in the respective class of neurons. Our results strongly indicate that the additional neurons generated by Scalloped inactivation are not synergistically integrated into, but rather perturb the formation of precise functional circuitry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dneu.22668","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]],"date-time":"2019-01-24T22:39:15Z","timestamp":1548369555000},"page":"236-251","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Developmental Deformity Due to <i>scalloped<\/i> Non\u2010Function in <i>Drosophila <\/i>Brain Leads to Cognitive Impairment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Basavanahalli Nanjundaiah","family":"Rohith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Department of Studies in Zoology University of Mysore Mysuru 570006 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