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Early exposure to nonphysiological high oxygen concentrations by birth in room can induce HIF1\u03b1 degradation and may affect neuronal and glial development. This involves the dysregulation of astroglial maturation and function, which in turn might contribute to oxygen\u2010induced brain injury. In this study, we investigated the effects of early high oxygen exposure on astroglial maturation and, specifically, on astroglial stromal cell\u2010derived factor 1 (SDF1) expression in vivo and in vitro. In our neonatal mouse model of hyperoxia preterm birth brain injury in vivo, high oxygen exposure affected astroglial development and cortical SDF1 expression. These results were further supported by reduced <jats:italic>Sdf1<\/jats:italic> expression, impaired proliferation, decreased total cell number, and altered expression of astroglial markers in astrocytes in primary cultures grown under high oxygen conditions. Moreover, to mimic the naturally hypoxic in utero fetal environment, astroglial <jats:italic>Sdf1<\/jats:italic> expression was increased after low oxygen exposure in vitro, which appears to be regulated by HIF1\u03b1 activity. Additionally, the knockdown of <jats:italic>Hif1\u03b1<\/jats:italic> revealed HIF1\u03b1\u2010dependent <jats:italic>Sdf1<\/jats:italic> expression in vitro. Our results indicate HIF1\u03b1 and oxygen\u2010dependent chemokine expression in primary astrocytes and highlight the importance of oxygen conditions for brain development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dneu.22938","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]],"date-time":"2024-03-28T06:19:34Z","timestamp":1711606774000},"page":"113-127","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Oxygen and HIF1\u03b1\u2010dependent SDF1 expression in primary astrocytes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Andreas","family":"Pietrucha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meray","family":"Serdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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