{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T05:16:43Z","timestamp":1789881403087,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,25]],"date-time":"2012-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1340582400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The analytical method for detecting growth hormone (GH) doping, the so\u2010called GH isoform differential immunoassay, is currently approved by the World Anti\u2010Doping Agency (WADA).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Anti\u2010doping laboratories often face challenges by athletes' lawyers and need to have various types of scientific evidence against the claim that the adverse analytical finding (AAF) result was caused by excess ectopic or abnormal excretion. In this work, a population study of Japanese athletes (255 male and 256 female) and administration studies of recombinant human GH (rhGH) in Japanese females were conducted to confirm the applicability of GH isoform differential immunoassay. The present paper describes the effectiveness of the GH isoform differential immunoassay under abnormal excretion of endogenous GH as determined by administration studies of GH releasing hormone (GHRH(1\u201344)) and insulin\u2010like growth factor\u20101 (IGF\u20101). No false positive findings were found in Japanese athletes. The GH isoform differential immunoassays could detect application of rhGH for approximately 12\u201324\u2009h. The administration of GHRH(1\u201344) and IGF\u20101 as well as ghrelin receptor agonists did not affect the isoform ratio (no false positives). We conclude that the GH isoform differential immunoassay is a highly specific method for detecting rhGH doping. Subject\u2010based profiling (i.e. athlete biological passport) very likely will represent a highly sensitive approach for detecting rhGH doping. Copyright \u00a9 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1385","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,26]],"date-time":"2012-06-26T09:10:52Z","timestamp":1340701852000},"page":"692-700","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effectiveness of GH isoform differential immunoassay for detecting rhGH doping on application of various growth factors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Masato","family":"Okano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anti\u2010Doping Laboratory, Mitsubishi Chemical Medience Corporation  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasunori","family":"Nishitani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anti\u2010Doping Laboratory, Mitsubishi Chemical Medience Corporation  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitsuhiko","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anti\u2010Doping Laboratory, Mitsubishi Chemical Medience Corporation  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinji","family":"Kageyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anti\u2010Doping Laboratory, Mitsubishi Chemical Medience Corporation  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"670","article-title":"Transcriptional control of GH expression and anterior pituitary development","volume":"14","author":"Theill L. E.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv-12-3-235"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.16.1.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2004-0019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","unstructured":"WADA. The 2012 Prohibited List. Available at:http:\/\/www.wada\u2010ama.org\/Documents\/World_Anti\u2010Doping_Program\/WADP\u2010Prohibited\u2010list\/2012\/WADA_Prohibited_List_2012_EN.pdf[11 February2012]."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)00775-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2008.112458"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","unstructured":"WADA. Guidelines for application of hGH Isoform differential immunoassays V 1.0 June 2010. Available at:http:\/\/www.wada\u2010ama.org\/Documents\/Resources\/Guidelines\/WADA_Guidelines_hGH%20Differential%20Immunoassays_EN_June10.pdf[11 February2012]."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","unstructured":"WADA. 2009 Laboratory Statistics. Available at:http:\/\/www.wada\u2010ama.org\/Documents\/Science_Medicine\/Anti\u2010Doping_Laboratories\/Lab_Statistics\/WADA_2009_LaboratoryStatisticsReport_Final.pdf[11 February2012]."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","unstructured":"WADA. 2010 Laboratory Statistics. Available at:http:\/\/www.wada\u2010ama.org\/Documents\/Resources\/Statistics\/Laboratory_Statistics\/WADA_2010_Laboratory_Statistics_Report.pdf[11 February2012]."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.230"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","first-page":"196","volume-title":"Recent Advances in Doping Analysis (18)","author":"Kohler M.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.166"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.359"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.84.9.3156"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.86.1.200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","first-page":"297","volume-title":"Recent Advances in Doping Analysis (17)","author":"Kaliszewski P.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.59"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.2758"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.4619"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-011-4702-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-011-5544-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","first-page":"223","volume-title":"Recent Advances in Doping Analysis (16)","author":"Okano M.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.120"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.186"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.233"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","first-page":"231","volume-title":"Recent Advances in Doping Analysis (19)","author":"Henninge J.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.364"}],"container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fdta.1385","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dta.1385","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T18:28:17Z","timestamp":1760380097000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dta.1385"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,25]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dta.1385"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dta.1385","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1942-7603","1942-7611"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1942-7603","type":"print"},{"value":"1942-7611","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,25]]}}}