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Recent studies demonstrate that the developing central nervous system (CNS) is susceptible to the effects of \u0394<jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\u2010THC and other cannabimimetics, including the psychoactive ingredients of the branded product '<jats:italic>Spice<\/jats:italic>' branded products. These exocannabinoids interfere with the function of an endocannabinoid (eCB) system, present in the developing CNS from E12.5 (week 5 of gestation in humans), and required for proliferation, migration, and differentiation of neurons. Until recently, it was not known whether the eCB system is also present in the developing CNS during the initial stages of its ontogeny, i.e. from E7.0 onwards (week 2 of gestation in humans), and if so, whether this system is also susceptible to the action of exocannabinoids. Here, we review current data, in which the presence of an eCB system during the initial stage of development of the CNS is demonstrated. Furthermore, we focus on recent advances on the effect of canabimimetics on early gestation. The relevance of these findings and potential adverse developmental consequences of <jats:italic>in utero<\/jats:italic> exposure to \u2018high potency\u2019 marijuana, <jats:italic>Spice<\/jats:italic> branded products and\/or cannabinoid research chemicals during this period is discussed. Finally, we address the implication of these findings in terms of the potential dangers of synthetic cannabinoid use during pregnancy, and the ongoing debate over legalization of marijuana. Copyright \u00a9 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,13]],"date-time":"2012-08-13T05:45:08Z","timestamp":1344836708000},"page":"27-45","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Marijuana, <i>Spice<\/i> 'herbal high', and early neural development: implications for rescheduling and legalization"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Delphine","family":"Psychoyos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Environmental and Genetic Medicine Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&amp;M Health Science Center  Houston TX 77030 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. 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