{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:27:54Z","timestamp":1760401674773,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]],"date-time":"2014-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Ethyl glucuronide in hair (HEtG) is the most accredited marker to prove chronic alcohol abuse. In this study, we evaluate the comprehensive results of HEtG determination obtained during four years of activity (2009\u20132013) in our laboratory (Northwestern Italy) \u2013 across a large cohort of subjects (over 20 000 subjects mostly undergoing medical examination for driving re\u2010licensing) \u2013 to provide a general perspective on HEtG analysis and dependence on group\u2010level factors (e.g. age, gender, site and period of hair collection) that could bias the analytical results. HEtG was measured by liquid chromatography\u2010tandem mass spectrometry. About 12% of the subjects presented HEtG concentrations over 30\u2009pg\/mg. Upon non\u2010parametric hypothesis tests, distributions of HEtG in independent populations categorized by age proved statistically different, while no differences were found by considering gender, BMI, and site of sampling (head vs. chest hair). A \u2018seasonality\u2019 factor was evaluated by comparing periods of collection approximately representing the hair growth in winter, spring, summer and autumn, and a seasonal trend was observed showing the highest HEtG levels in winter (16.7%) and minimum levels in summer (8.3%). The experimental HEtG distributions confirm that chest hair sampling can be trusted as an alternative to scalp. Furthermore, among biological and external factors, age and season of sampling may significantly influence the measured HEtG concentration, and this potential source of bias should be taken into account when the results are interpreted. Copyright \u00a9 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1697","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]],"date-time":"2014-07-25T16:13:21Z","timestamp":1406304801000},"page":"407-413","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Interpretation of group\u2010level factors from a large population dataset in the determination of ethyl glucuronide in hair"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Alberto","family":"Salomone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Regionale Antidoping e di Tossicologia \u2018A. Bertinaria\u2019  Regione Gonzole 10\/1 10043 Orbassano, Torino Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Pirro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Regionale Antidoping e di Tossicologia \u2018A. Bertinaria\u2019  Regione Gonzole 10\/1 10043 Orbassano, Torino Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Chimica Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Torino  Via Pietro Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tonia","family":"Lombardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Regionale Antidoping e di Tossicologia \u2018A. Bertinaria\u2019  Regione Gonzole 10\/1 10043 Orbassano, Torino Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Di Corcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Regionale Antidoping e di Tossicologia \u2018A. Bertinaria\u2019  Regione Gonzole 10\/1 10043 Orbassano, Torino Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Pellegrino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Regionale Antidoping e di Tossicologia \u2018A. Bertinaria\u2019  Regione Gonzole 10\/1 10043 Orbassano, Torino Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Vincenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Regionale Antidoping e di Tossicologia \u2018A. Bertinaria\u2019  Regione Gonzole 10\/1 10043 Orbassano, Torino Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Chimica Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Torino  Via Pietro Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2006.02.019"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","DOI":"10.4155\/bio.13.277"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","DOI":"10.4155\/bio.13.12"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.03.012"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2012.11.014"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2009.02535.x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2009.02738.x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-011-5314-7"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2011.10.007"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2011.10.025"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-011-0619-9"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2013.10.008"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2006.01537.x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2007.09.012"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0b013e318167d602"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","DOI":"10.1002\/mas.21364"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-012-5926-6"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0000000000000063"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-012-0809-0"},{"unstructured":"SoHT.Use of Alcohol Markers in Hair for Abstinence Assessment2012. Available at:http:\/\/www.soht.org\/images\/pdf\/Use%20of%20Alcohol%20Markers%20in%20Hair%20for%20Abstinence%20Assessment%202012.pdf[14 July 2014].","key":"e_1_2_6_21_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.147"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.10.005"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2008.12.005"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agn096"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2007.08.012"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2011.03.026"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agt012"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2013.07.024"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2011.10.018"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1653"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxh007"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12158"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0b013e318232950f","article-title":"Chronic excessive alcohol consumption diagnosis: Comparison between traditional biomarkers and ethyl glucuronide in hair, a study on a real population","volume":"33","author":"Morini L.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ther. Drug Monit."},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12024-013-9416-8"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2011.10.006"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ALC.0000134230.21414.11"}],"container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fdta.1697","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dta.1697","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T09:33:31Z","timestamp":1760348011000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dta.1697"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dta.1697"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dta.1697","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1942-7603","1942-7611"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1942-7603"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1942-7611"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]]}}}