{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T04:03:33Z","timestamp":1789790613483,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,28]],"date-time":"2010-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1288224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of the present work was (1) to develop an <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> gelling ophthalmic delivery system by combining pluronic F127 and pluronic F68, with sparfloxacin; and (2) to examine the influence of incorporating a mucoadhesive polysaccharide such as sodium hyaluronate on the healing property due to bacterial keratitis. The formulations (F1\u2013F6) were sterilized by gamma irradiated using Co<jats:sup>60<\/jats:sup>. Ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) spectra studies were performed on sterilized and non\u2010sterilized formulae. The formulations were evaluated for rheological characteristics, <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> release behavior, and efficacy against induced bacterial conjunctivitis in rats' eyes. Moreover, histopathological evaluations were also done. All the samples passed sterility tests, and no change in physical appearance of the formulae due to gamma radiation was observed. The IR spectra of the formulae before and after sterilization showed similar peaks which confirmed that no ingredient was affected by gamma radiation. The formulations showed a flow index of 0.116\u20130.493 indicating pseudoplastic flow behavior. The release behavior of all formulae was non\u2010Fickian anomalous release. The different formulae used to overcome the pathological alterations, produced by bacteria infections varied among each other depending on the duration of treatment; however, the effectiveness of formulation was arranged as F5, F4 and F3, respectively. The developed formulations were therapeutically efficacious, and provided sustained release of the drug over a 24\u2010hour period. A better improvement in artificially induced bacterial conjunctivitis in rats' cornea was observed with the developed formulae; thus it can be considered as a viable alternative to conventional eye drops. Copyright \u00a9 2010 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,29]],"date-time":"2010-10-29T01:18:56Z","timestamp":1288315136000},"page":"106-115","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Ophthalmic delivery of sparfloxacin from in situ gel formulation for treatment of experimentally induced bacterial keratitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Demiana I.","family":"Nesseem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0250-474X.31025"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","volume-title":"Novel Drug Delivery Systems","author":"Chien Y. 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