{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T01:09:00Z","timestamp":1760404140860,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,8]],"date-time":"2014-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Analysis of decomposed skeletal tissues for dextromethorphan (DXM) and dextrorphan (DXT) using microwave assisted extraction (MAE), microplate solid\u2010phase extraction (MPSPE) and gas chromatography\u2010mass spectrometry (GC\u2010MS) is described. Rats (n\u2009=\u20093) received 100\u2009mg\/kg DXM (i.p.) and were euthanized by CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> asphyxiation roughly 20\u2009min post\u2010dose. Remains decomposed to skeleton outdoors and vertebral bones were recovered, cleaned, and pulverized. Pulverized bone underwent MAE using methanol as an extraction solvent in a closed microwave system, followed by MPSPE and GC\u2010MS. Analyte stability under MAE conditions was assessed and found to be stable for at least 60\u2009min irradiation time. The majority (&gt;90%) of each analyte was recovered after 15\u2009min. The MPSPE\u2010GCMS method was fit to a quadratic response (R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009&gt;\u20090.99), over the concentration range 10\u201210 000\u2009ng\u22c5mL<jats:sup>\u20101<\/jats:sup>, with coefficients of variation &lt;20% in triplicate analysis. The MPSPE\u2010GCMS method displayed a limit of detection of 10\u2009ng\u22c5mL<jats:sup>\u20101<\/jats:sup> for both analytes. Following MAE for 60\u2009min (80\u2009\u00b0C, 1200\u2009W), MPSPE\u2010GCMS analysis of vertebral bone of DXM\u2010exposed rats detected both analytes in all samples (DXM: 0.9\u20101.5\u2009\u00b5g\u22c5g<jats:sup>\u20101<\/jats:sup>; DXT: 0.5\u20101.8\u2009\u00b5g\u22c5g<jats:sup>\u20101<\/jats:sup>). Copyright \u00a9 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1754","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,9]],"date-time":"2014-12-09T08:58:10Z","timestamp":1418115490000},"page":"708-713","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Analysis of dextromethorphan and dextrorphan in decomposed skeletal tissues by microwave assisted extraction, microplate solid\u2010phase extraction and gas chromatography\u2010 mass spectrometry (MAE\u2010MPSPE\u2010GCMS)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Candice D.","family":"Fraser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Science Laurentian University  935 Ramsey Lake Rd Sudbury Ontario P3L 1C6 Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heather M.","family":"Cornthwaite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry &amp; Biochemistry Laurentian University  935 Ramsey Lake Rd Sudbury Ontario P3L 1C6 Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James H.","family":"Watterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Science Laurentian University  935 Ramsey Lake Rd Sudbury Ontario P3L 1C6 Canada"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry &amp; Biochemistry Laurentian University  935 Ramsey Lake Rd Sudbury Ontario P3L 1C6 Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007691-200002000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0b013e31818738c9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2013.03.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/34.8.510"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2009.00998.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2006.03.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bks045"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkt078"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ay41773e"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"261","article-title":"The influence of body position and microclimate on ketamine and metabolite distribution in decomposed skeletal remains","volume":"242","author":"Cornthwaite H.M.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","unstructured":"J.H.Watterson D.Man.Discrimination of Single and Repeated Xylazine Exposures in Skeletal Tissues by LC\u2010TOF MS. Society of Forensic Toxicologists Annual Meeting Orlando FL 2013. (October 28-November 1 2013)"}],"container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fdta.1754","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dta.1754","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T10:02:21Z","timestamp":1760349741000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dta.1754"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,8]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dta.1754"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dta.1754","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1942-7603","1942-7611"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1942-7603"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1942-7611"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,8]]}}}