{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T13:33:45Z","timestamp":1789997625053,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11-12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]],"date-time":"2015-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1448409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Glucocorticoids are included in the S9 section of the World Anti\u2010doping Agency (WADA) prohibited list international standard. Some among them are pseudo\u2010endogenous steroids, like cortisol and cortisone, which present the same chemical structure as endogenously produced steroids. We are proposing an analytical method based on gas chromatography coupled to isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC\u2010C\u2010IRMS) which allows discrimination between endogenous and synthetic origin of the urinary metabolites of the pseudo\u2010endogenous glucocorticoids. A preliminary purification treatment by high\u2010performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of the target compounds (TC) (i.e., cortisol, tetrahydrocortisone (THE) 5\u03b1\u2010tetrahydrocortisone (aTHE), tetrahydrocortisol (THF), and 5\u03b1\u2010tetrahydrocortisol (aTHF)) allows collection of extracts with adequate purity for the subsequent analysis by IRMS. A population of 40 urine samples was analyzed for the TC and for the endogenous reference compounds (ERC: i.e., 11\u2010desoxy\u2010tetrahydrocortisol (THS) or pregnanediol). For each sample, the difference between the delta values of the ERCs and TCs (\u0394\u03b4 values) were calculated and based on that, some decision limits for atypical findings are proposed. The limits are below 3% units except for cortisol. The fit to purpose of the method has been confirmed by the analysis of urine samples collected in two patients under treatment with 25 mg of cortisone acetate (p.o). The samples showed \u0394\u03b4 values higher than 3 for at least 24 h following administration depending on the TC considered. The method can easily be integrated into existing procedures already used for the HPLC purification and IRMS analysis of pseudo\u2010endogenous steroids with androgenic\/anabolic activity. Copyright \u00a9 2015 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1911","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]],"date-time":"2015-11-25T21:31:29Z","timestamp":1448487089000},"page":"1071-1078","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Development and validation of a GC\u2010C\u2010IRMS method for the confirmation analysis of pseudo\u2010endogenous glucocorticoids in doping control"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Xavier","family":"de la Torre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Antidoping Federazione Medico Sportiva Italiana  Largo Giulio Onesti 1 00197 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Curcio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Antidoping Federazione Medico Sportiva Italiana  Largo Giulio Onesti 1 00197 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristiana","family":"Colamonici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Antidoping Federazione Medico Sportiva Italiana  Largo Giulio Onesti 1 00197 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Molaioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Antidoping Federazione Medico Sportiva Italiana  Largo Giulio Onesti 1 00197 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Cilia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Antidoping Federazione Medico Sportiva Italiana  Largo Giulio Onesti 1 00197 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Botr\u00e8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Antidoping Federazione Medico Sportiva Italiana  Largo Giulio Onesti 1 00197 Rome Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale \u201cSapienza\u201d Universit\u00e0 di Roma  Viale Regina Elena 324 00161 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"WADA.The World Anti\u2010Doping Code\u2010 The 2016 Prohibited List International Standard. Available at:https:\/\/www.wada\u2010ama.org\/en\/resources\/science\u2010medicine\/prohibited\u2010list[20th September 2015]."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-008-2292-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-007-1802-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-2670(03)00703-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2008.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","unstructured":"WADA.TD2014 IRMS\u2010Detection of synthetic forms of endogenous anabolic androgenic steroids by GC\u2010C\u2010IRMS. Available at:https:\/\/www.wada\u2010ama.org\/en\/resources\/science\u2010medicine\/td2014\u2010irms[1st August 2015]."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0231(20001230)14:24<2343::AID-RCM171>3.0.CO;2-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2008.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.108"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1403"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.3132"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2012.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2008.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0731-7085(00)00452-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.3601"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-0760(93)90132-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2013.12.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2008.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2008.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","first-page":"33","volume-title":"Drugs Compet. 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