{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T21:33:39Z","timestamp":1785879219778,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,26]],"date-time":"2016-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1453766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The knowledge captured in patent and scientific research literature stimulates new ideas and fosters new drug development efforts. Manufacturers and entrepreneurs dedicated to the sale of \u2018research chemicals\u2019 and\/or new psychoactive substances (NPS) also make use of access to information to identify, prepare, and launch a range of new substances. One of the most recent compounds to appear on the NPS market is the phenmetrazine analog 3\u2010fluorophenmetrazine (3\u2010FPM) which represents one of many phenylmorpholines designed to explore treatment options in areas such as obesity and drug dependence. The anorectic drug analogs phenmetrazine and phendimetrazine, used as prescription medicines before they were withdrawn, feature amphetamine\u2010like properties associated with monoamine release. Available data on 3\u2010FPM suggest that the effects might show mechanistic overlaps. This study describes the synthesis and extensive analytical characterization of 3\u2010FPM and its differentiation from synthesized <jats:italic>ortho<\/jats:italic>\u2010 and <jats:italic>para<\/jats:italic>\u2010 substituted isomers, 2\u2010FPM and 4\u2010FPM, respectively. This study was triggered by the purchase of five powdered samples advertised as 3\u2010FPM by five different Internet vendors based in the United Kingdom. The analytical data obtained for the vendor samples were consistent with the synthesized 3\u2010FPM standard and differentiation between all three isomers was possible. The presence of positional isomers and the absence of suitable reference material can cause difficulties in the day\u2010to\u2010day operation of forensic work and given the rate at which many of the newly emerging NPS appear on the market, a comprehensive approach is needed when attempting to decipher the identity of NPS arriving onto the drug market. Copyright \u00a9 2016 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,26]],"date-time":"2016-01-26T02:54:38Z","timestamp":1453776878000},"page":"369-377","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Test purchase, synthesis and characterization of 3\u2010fluorophenmetrazine (3\u2010FPM) and differentiation from its <i>ortho<\/i>\u2010 and <i>para<\/i>\u2010substituted isomers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Gavin","family":"McLaughlin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life and Physical Sciences, School of Science Athlone Institute of Technology  Dublin Road Westmeath Ireland"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James's Hospital  Dublin 8 Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noreen","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life and Physical Sciences, School of Science Athlone Institute of Technology  Dublin Road Westmeath Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierce V.","family":"Kavanagh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James's Hospital  Dublin 8 Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geraldine","family":"Dowling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James's Hospital  Dublin 8 Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John D.","family":"Power","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James's Hospital  Dublin 8 Ireland"},{"name":"Forensic Science Laboratory, Garda HQ  Dublin 8 Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brendan","family":"Twamley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin  Dublin 2 Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"O'Brien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin  Dublin 2 Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Talbot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Trinity College Dublin  Dublin 2 Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harald H.","family":"Sitte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology Medical University Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Center for Addiction Research and Science Medical University Vienna  Waehringerstrasse 13A 1090 Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon D.","family":"Brandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences Liverpool John Moores University  Byrom Street Liverpool L3 3AF UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA).New psychoactive substances in Europe. 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