{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:29:48Z","timestamp":1761611388588,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,26]],"date-time":"2016-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1453766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DEP2009\u201009717"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DEP2009\u201009717"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Growth hormone releasing peptides (GHRPs) could be widely used by cheating athletes because they produce growth hormone (GH) secretion, so may generate an ergogenic effect in the body. Knowledge of the essential amino acids needed in GHRP structure for interaction with the target biological receptor GHSR1a, the absorption through different administration routes, and the maintenance of pharmacological activity of potential biotransformation products may help in the fight against their abuse in sport. Several GHRPs and truncated analogues with the common core Ala\u2010Trp\u2010(D\u2010Phe)\u2010Lys have been studied with a radio\u2010competitive assay for the GHSR1a receptor against the radioactive natural ligand ghrelin. Relevant chemical modifications influencing the activity for positions 1, 2, 3, and 7 based on the structure aa\u2010aa\u2010aa\u2010Ala\u2010Trp\u2010(D\u2010Phe)\u2010Lys have been obtained. To test <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> the applicability of the activities observed, the receptor assay activity in samples from excretion studies performed after nasal administration of GHRP\u20101, GHRP\u20102, GHRP\u20106, Hexarelin, and Ipamorelin was confirmed. Overall results obtained allow to infer structure\u2010activity information for those GHRPs and to detect GHSR1a binding (intact GHRPs plus active metabolites) in excreted urines. 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