{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T01:50:51Z","timestamp":1787968251710,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,10]],"date-time":"2017-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1486684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Alprazolam is a pharmaceutical compound that it is detected in surface waters. Some degradation studies in aqueous solutions and pharmaceutical products are available, but there is no reliable information about its stability in river water. Here, assays have been conducted under forced biological, photochemical, and thermal conditions, and under non\u2010forced conditions, to estimate the fate of alprazolam in river water and know its degradation products. The forced assays indicated that the biological and photochemical degradation of alprazolam was negligible; heating at 70\u00b0C for a long time barely affected it. The degradation of alprazolam in river water at 100\u00a0\u03bcg\/L was about 5% after 36\u00a0weeks, keeping the water under a natural day\u2010night cycle at room temperature and limiting partially the exposure to sunlight as happens inside a body of water; no change in concentration was observed when the monitoring was performed at 2\u00a0\u03bcg\/L. The results suggest the persistence of alprazolam in surface water and a possible accumulation over time. Residues were monitored by ultra\u2010pressure liquid chromatography\/quadrupole time\u2010of\u2010flight\/mass spectrometry after solid\u2010phase extraction; nine degradation products were found and the structures for most of them were proposed from the molecular formulae and fragmentation observed in high\u2010resolution tandem mass spectra. (5\u2010chloro\u20102\u2010(3\u2010methyl\u20104H\u20101,2,4\u2010triazol\u20104\u2010yl)phenyl)(phenyl)methanol was the main long\u2010term transformation product in conditions that simulate those in a mass of water. The degradation rate in presence of sediment was equally very low under non\u2010forced conditions; adsorption coefficients of alprazolam and major degradation products were calculated. Copyright \u00a9 2016 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,19]],"date-time":"2016-12-19T12:22:41Z","timestamp":1482150161000},"page":"1204-1213","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Persistence of alprazolam in river water according to forced and non\u2010forced degradation assays: adsorption to sediment and long\u2010term degradation products"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7831-290X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan J.","family":"Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry (UIC090), Faculty of Sciences, Campus Miguel Delibes University of Valladolid  Paseo de Bel\u00e9n 7 47011 Valladolid Spain"},{"name":"I.U. CINQUIMA, Campus Miguel Delibes University of Valladolid  Paseo de Bel\u00e9n 5 47011 Valladolid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda I.","family":"S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, School of Industrial Engineers University of Valladolid  Francisco Mendiz\u00e1bal 1 47014 Valladolid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz E.","family":"Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, School of Industrial Engineers University of Valladolid  Francisco Mendiz\u00e1bal 1 47014 Valladolid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Pardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry (UIC090), Faculty of Sciences, Campus Miguel Delibes University of Valladolid  Paseo de Bel\u00e9n 7 47011 Valladolid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-011-1008-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2013.08.085"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaceta.2012.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2014.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2009.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2010.06.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2013.10.078"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es404129r"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/poc.861"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.10141"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0731-7085(02)00351-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-015-8739-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.2666"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","first-page":"7","volume-title":"OECD Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals n\u00b0 106","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10903127.2013.869642"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10826079808005891"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.4433"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/poc.861"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/55.18.1915","article-title":"Stability of alprazolam, chloroquine phosphate, cisapride, enalapril maleate, and hydralazine hydrochloride in extemporaneously compounded oral liquids","volume":"55","author":"Allen L. 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