{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T13:06:19Z","timestamp":1789736779136,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,18]],"date-time":"2017-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1500336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011102","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JUST\/2013\/ISEC\/DRUGS\/AG\/6418"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JUST\/2013\/ISEC\/DRUGS\/AG\/6418"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The appearance and spread of new psychoactive substances (NPS) is a phenomenon seen throughout Europe since 2008. Synthetic cathinones, a group of NPS, have been self\u2010reported as the drug injected by the vast majority of people who inject drugs (PWID) in Hungary. This study aims at updating our knowledge of what exactly are the compounds injected by PWID.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This multi\u2010site study analysed residues from used injecting drug paraphernalia collected from PWID via low\u2010threshold services and from public places in Budapest, Debrecen, Miskolc, Szeged, B\u00e9k\u00e9scsaba and P\u00e9cs between March 2015 and February 2016. The paper describes the results of the chemical analysis of 2985 analytical samples created out of the 22 005 objects collected in this period. Active agents and their occurrences (compound cases) were identified using GC\u2013MS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The study detected 161 different compounds, mostly synthetic cathinones (29%), non\u2010psychoactive compounds (14%), amines (12%), non\u2010psychoactive medications (12%) and other substances (32%). Of the 12 762 compound cases, 50% were cathinones, 18% substitution medications, 9% non\u2010controlled psychoactive substances and 24% other substances. Among compound cases, the most frequent cathinones were pentedrone (21%) and \u03b1\u2010PHP (12%). Among substitution medications, most were methadone (93%), and non\u2010controlled psychoactive substances were caffeine (74%) and nicotine (21%). Overall, the most prevalent substances were methadone (16%), pentedrone (10%) and caffeine (7%) with considerable variation detected among participating cities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Our results are consistent with previous self\u2010reported data showing a high prevalence of synthetic cathinone injection among PWID in Hungary. We also detected a large\u2010scale misuse of methadone by PWID.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,25]],"date-time":"2017-05-25T11:57:52Z","timestamp":1495713472000},"page":"357-364","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Drug residues in syringes and other injecting paraphernalia in Hungary"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0663-4365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"P\u00e9terfi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hungarian National Focal Point (REITOX)  Budapest Hungary"},{"name":"E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University Doctoral School of Psychology  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f3zsef","family":"Csorba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hungarian Interchurch Aid  Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tam\u00e1s","family":"Figeczki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hungarian Interchurch Aid  Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f3zsef","family":"Kiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hungarian Interchurch Aid  Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katalin","family":"Medgyesi\u2010Frank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hungarian Interchurch Aid  Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e1nos","family":"Posta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Debrecen  Debrecen Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V. 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