{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T03:23:15Z","timestamp":1762917795621,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,17]],"date-time":"2017-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1510876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate adherence to treatment, we developed and validated a novel liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry (LC\u2013MS\/MS) method for baclofen quantification in hair.Twenty mg was washed twice with dichloromethane, incubated in phosphate buffer (pH 5) for 10 minutes at 95\u00b0C, then extracted by liquid\u2010liquid extraction in alkaline condition. Baclofen\u2010d<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> was used as the internal standard. This method was applied to assess compliance in4 treated alcohol\u2010dependent patients (3 dead and one living). Blood quantification of baclofen and ethanol were performed in the 4 cases. Hair ethylglucuronide (ethanol metabolite, EtG) measurement (2x3 cm) was associated in 1 patient. Baclofen quantification in hair was validated over the range 10\u20135000 pg\/mg. The accuracy was within 96.0%\u2013110.9% and the precision was less than 9.3%. Baclofen segmental (3x2cm) hair concentrations found in the living patient were 4420, 4260, and 4380 pg\/mg, reflecting a regular exposure over the last 6 months and suggesting patient compliance. However, the high EtG level found in this patient in the analyzed segments (225 pg\/mg and 215 pg\/mg) showed excessive alcohol consumption during the same period, suggesting therapeutic failure. In the 3 deceased patients, the non\u2010segmental analysis of hair showed baclofen concentrations of 15, 545, and 2475 pg\/mg. The low concentrations in the 2 first cases are compatible either with a poor compliance or to a beginning of a treatment. This is the first measurement of baclofen in hair of alcohol dependent patients. It could be used as a monitoring biomarker to assess patient's compliance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,2]],"date-time":"2017-10-02T04:46:38Z","timestamp":1506919598000},"page":"694-700","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["LC\u2013MS\/MS method for quantification of baclofen in hair: A useful tool to assess compliance in alcohol dependent patients?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"I.A.","family":"Larabi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Versailles Saint\u2010Quentin Medecine University, Raymond Poincar\u00e9 Hospital  AP\u2010HP Garches France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9131-2306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N.","family":"Fabresse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of anesthesiology\u2010intensive care, h\u00f4pital Necker  149, rue de S\u00e8vres 75015 Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Knapp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Versailles Saint\u2010Quentin Medecine University, Raymond Poincar\u00e9 Hospital  AP\u2010HP Garches France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Forcet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Versailles Saint\u2010Quentin Medecine University, Raymond Poincar\u00e9 Hospital  AP\u2010HP Garches France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.J.","family":"Baud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of anesthesiology\u2010intensive care, h\u00f4pital Necker  149, rue de S\u00e8vres 75015 Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Lorin de la Grandmaison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medecine Raymond Poincar\u00e9 Hospital  AP\u2010HP Garches France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5344-9475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.C.","family":"Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Versailles Saint\u2010Quentin Medecine University, Raymond Poincar\u00e9 Hospital  AP\u2010HP Garches France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"58","article-title":"Ability of baclofen in reducing alcohol intake and withdrawal severity: I\u2010\u2010Preclinical evidence","volume":"24","author":"Colombo G","year":"2000","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(02)00333-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2000.tb04555.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/37.5.504"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2009.09.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03033315"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ALC.0000141640.48924.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11597320-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138161210791516440"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agv052"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2015.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agh130"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","article-title":"Proactive regional pharmacovigilance system versus national spontaneous reporting for collecting safety data on concerning off\u2010label prescribing practices: an example with baclofen and alcohol dependence in France","author":"Auffret M","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Saf."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2011.03752.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","unstructured":"Clinical Trials.Baclofen for the Treatment of Alcohol Drinkers \u2010 Full Text View \u2010 ClinicalTrials.gov.https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/study\/NCT01604330?term= bacloville&rank = 1. 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