{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T13:36:20Z","timestamp":1780580180228,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,18]],"date-time":"2017-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003452","name":"Innovation and Technology Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GHP\/018\/10SZ"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GHP\/018\/10SZ"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003452","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study is to reveal the habits of drug abusers in hair samples from drug rehabilitation units in Hong Kong. With the application of liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry (LC\u2013MS\/MS) technology, a total of 1771 hair samples were analyzed during the period of hair testing service (January 2012 to March 2016) provided to 14 drug rehabilitation units including non\u2010governmental organizations (NGOs), rehabilitation centers, and medical clinics. Hair samples were analyzed for abused drugs and their metabolites simultaneously, including ketamine, norketamine, cocaine, benzoylecgonine, cocaethylene, norcocaine, codeine, MDMA, MDA, MDEA, amphetamine, methamphetamine, morphine, 6\u2010acetylmorphine, phencyclidine, and methadone. The results showed that ketamine (77.2%), cocaine (21.3%), and methamphetamine (16.5%) were the frequently detected drugs among those drug abusers, which is consistent with the reported data. In addition, the usage of multiple drugs was also observed in the hair samples. About 29% of drug\u2010positive samples were detected with multiple drug use. Our studies prove that our locally developed hair drug\u2010testing method and service can be a valid tool to monitor the use of abused drugs, and which could facilitate rehabilitation program management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2345","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,5]],"date-time":"2017-12-05T06:27:15Z","timestamp":1512455235000},"page":"977-983","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Surveillance of drug abuse in Hong Kong by hair analysis using LC\u2010MS\/MS"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"K. Wing","family":"Leung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, Division of Life Science The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  Clear Water Bay Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zack C.F.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, Division of Life Science The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  Clear Water Bay Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet Y.M.","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, Division of Life Science The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  Clear Water Bay Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ada W.S.","family":"Yip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, Division of Life Science The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  Clear Water Bay Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerry K.H.","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, Division of Life Science The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  Clear Water Bay Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen K.L.","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, Division of Life Science The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  Clear Water Bay Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, Division of Life Science The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  Clear Water Bay Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4808-1674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karl W.K.","family":"Tsim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, Division of Life Science The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  Clear Water Bay Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"Narcotics Division Security bureau.Central registry of drug abuse sixty\u2010fourth reporthttp:\/\/www.nd.gov.hk\/pdf\/report\/crda_64th\/crda_64th_full_report.pdf.%20Accessed%2013%20May%202016."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2015.06.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1679"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chc.2016.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkx020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2016.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1903"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","article-title":"Determination of Hydroxy metabolites of cocaine in hair samples for proof of consumption","author":"Musshoff F","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Test Anal"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2016.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Recent trends in analytical methods and separation techniques for drugs of abuse in hair","volume":"856","author":"Baciu T","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anal Chim Acta"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mas.21364"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2130"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"311","article-title":"An LC\u2010MS\/MS methodological approach to the analysis of hair for amphetamine\u2010type\u2010stimulant (ATS) drugs, including selected synthetic cathinones and piperazines","volume":"9","author":"Lendoiro E","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Test Anal"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-015-9247-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-012-5711-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2015.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","unstructured":"WADA Laboratory Committee Identification Criteria For Qualitative Assays Incorporating Column Chromatography And Mass Spectrometry.WADA Technical Document TD2010IDCR 2010.https:\/\/www.wada-ama.org\/sites\/default\/files\/resources\/files\/WADA_TD2010IDCRv1.0_Identification%20Criteria%20for%20Qualitative%20Assays_May%2008%202010_EN.doc.pdf. 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