{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T16:36:08Z","timestamp":1783096568151,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,17]],"date-time":"2019-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005350","name":"Centrum for Idrottsforskning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005350","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>To detect doping with endogenous steroids, six urinary steroids are longitudinally monitored in the athlete biological passport (ABP). These steroids include testosterone, etiocholanolone, androsterone, 5\u03b1\u2010androstane\u20103\u03b1,17\u03b2\u2010diol, 5\u03b2\u2010androstane\u20103\u03b1,17\u03b2\u2010diol, and the testosterone isomer epitestosterone. It is known that the intake of hormonal contraceptives may interfere with the ABP biomarkers. A previous study showed that athletes using hormonal contraceptives (HCs) display lower urinary epitestosterone concentrations than non\u2010using athletes. In this study, we analyzed the urinary steroid profile prior to and three months after administration of an oral HC including levonorgestrel and ethinylestradiol (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a055). The urinary concentrations of all the ABP metabolites decreased after three\u00a0months, with epitestosterone showing the largest decline (median 6.78 to 3.04\u00a0ng\/mL, p\u02c20.0001) followed by 5\u03b1\u2010androstane\u20103\u03b1,17\u03b2\u2010diol (median 23.5 to 12.83\u00a0ng\/mL, p\u02c20.0001), and testosterone (median 5.32 to 3.66, p\u02c20.0001). Epitestosterone is included in two of the five ratios in the ABP (T\/E and 5\u03b1Adiol\/E), and consequently these ratios increased 1.7\u2010fold (range 0.27 to 8.50) and 1.26\u2010fold (range 0.14 to 5.91), respectively. Some of these changes may mimic the changes seen after administration of endogenous steroids leading to atypical findings. Notably, even though participants used the same contraceptive treatment schedule, the HC\u2010mediated epitestosterone change varied to a large extent (median 0.43\u2010fold, range 0.06 to 6.5) and were associated with a functional T\u02c3C promoter polymorphism in <jats:italic>CYP17A1<\/jats:italic>. Moreover, the epitestosterone changes correlated with HC\u2010induced testosterone and gonadotropins changes in serum, indicating that urinary epitestosterone reflects the androgen load in HC\u2010using women.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2663","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]],"date-time":"2019-06-17T13:07:03Z","timestamp":1560776823000},"page":"1284-1289","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Impact of hormonal contraceptives on urinary steroid profile in relation to serum hormone changes and CYP17A1 polymorphism"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1053-2345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lena","family":"Ekstr\u00f6m","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska Institutet  Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jona Elings","family":"Knutsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine Karolinska University Hospital  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6946-0502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenny","family":"Mullen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska Institutet  Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magnus","family":"Ericsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska Institutet  Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology Karolinska University Hospital  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelica Lind\u00e9n","family":"Hirschberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine Karolinska University Hospital  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/kxl009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1841"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2341"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","unstructured":"MullenJ.Urinary Steroid Profiles in Doping testing \u2010 in relation to natural variation and drug administrationPhD thesis Karolinska Institutet (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"77","volume-title":"Detecting the administration of endogenous anabolic androgenic steroids. 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