{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T07:52:00Z","timestamp":1791445920145,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]],"date-time":"2020-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580860800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The quantification of peptide hormones by means of liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) or other techniques (e.g. immunoassays) has been a challenging task in modern analytical chemistry. Especially for insulin, its synthetic analogs, and C\u2010peptide, reliable determinations are urgently needed due to their diagnostic value in the management of diabetes and insulin resistance and because of the illicit use of insulin as a performance\u2010enhancing agent in professional sports or as an effective toxin in forensic toxicology. The concomitant measurement of C\u2010peptide and insulin offers an established tool for the diagnostic workup of hypoglycemia (endogenous vs. exogenous hyperinsulinemia), characterizing hepatic insulin clearance, and the assessment of beta\u2010cell function (insulin secretion). Thus, the present approach offers the possibility to determine human insulin and its synthetic analogs (lispro, glulisine, aspart, glargine metabolite, degludec, detemir, porcine, and bovine) and C\u2010peptide simultaneously after sample preparation utilizing protein precipitation and a mixed\u2010mode cation\u2010exchange solid\u2010phase extraction, and subsequent detection by LC\u2010high resolution MS. The method was fully validated regarding the following parameters: specificity, limit of detection (0.2 ng\/mL), limit of quantification (0.6 ng\/mL), recovery (40\u201390%), accuracy (78\u2013128%), linearity, precision (&lt; 21%), carry over, robustness, and matrix effects. The proof\u2010of\u2010concept was shown by analyzing authentic plasma samples from adults with class II obesity and prediabetes collected in the course of an oral glucose tolerance test. All sample preparation steps were controlled by two stable isotope\u2010labeled internal standards, namely [[<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>H<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>] Leu <jats:sub>B6, B11, B15, B17<\/jats:sub>]\u2010insulin, and [[<jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>C<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>] Leu <jats:sub>26, 30<\/jats:sub>] C\u2010peptide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2765","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,13]],"date-time":"2020-01-13T01:20:15Z","timestamp":1578878415000},"page":"382-390","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Simplified quantification of insulin, its synthetic analogs and C\u2010peptide in human plasma by means of LC\u2010HRMS"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1199-0743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Thomas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biochemistry\/Center for Preventive Doping Research German Sport University Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rouxue","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biochemistry\/Center for Preventive Doping Research German Sport University Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Petring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biochemistry\/Center for Preventive Doping Research German Sport University Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lia","family":"Bally","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine, and Metabolism, Inselspital Bern University Hospital, University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1535-6451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Thevis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biochemistry\/Center for Preventive Doping Research German Sport University Cologne  Cologne Germany"},{"name":"European Monitoring Center for Emerging Doping Agents (EuMoCEDA)  Cologne\/Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.37.2.223"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmr.5610030202"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11419-016-0343-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4155\/bio.13.257"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac403055d"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.201300300"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.46.1.44"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.2889"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"455","article-title":"A high\u2010throughput mass spectrometry assay to simultaneously measure intact insulin and C\u2010peptide","author":"Taylor SW","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta; 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