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Glucobarbarin, found in plants of the Brassicaceae family, has been suggested as a potential proximate chemical source by being metabolized in the plant or the horse to aminorex. In Brassicaceae, glucobarbarin is hydrolyzed by myrosinase to yield barbarin, which serves as an insect repellant and\/or attractant and is structurally related to aminorex. The synthesis, purification, and characterization of barbarin is now reported for use as a reference standard in aminorex related research concerning equine urinary identifications of aminorex and also for possible use in equine administration experiments. Synthesis of barbarin was performed via ring closure between phenylethanolamine and carbon disulfide in tetrahydrofuran with the catalyst pyridine under reflux. The reaction yielded a white crystalline substance that was purified and chemically characterized as barbarin for use as a Certified Reference Standard or for studies related to equine aminorex identification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2883","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,22]],"date-time":"2020-06-22T03:29:29Z","timestamp":1592796569000},"page":"1477-1482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Synthesis and characterization of barbarin, a possible source of unexplained aminorex identifications in forensic science"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9795-3689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacob","family":"Machin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and the Maxwell H. 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Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science University of Kentucky  Lexington Kentucky USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm00339a011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"ARCI Uniform Classification Guidelines for Foreign Substances January.2018(V.13.4)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2008.01015.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","unstructured":"SamsRA. (2006)Detection and identification of Aminorex and Rexamino from blood and urine samples from racehorses. In Proceedings of the 16th International Conference of Racing Analysts and Veterinarians. 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