{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T04:46:31Z","timestamp":1788669991540,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]],"date-time":"2020-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the present research was the identification and quantification of specific anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) and other sterane structured compounds in dietary supplements (DSs). The adulteration of DSs by these compounds is of a particular concern in athletes, because it might lead to a positive doping result. The research was focused on the optimization of a highly sensitive and selective GC\u2010based analytical strategy using triple quadrupole MS as detector. Chromatographic method and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) transitions of 28 target compounds were optimized. Sample clean\u2010up was carried out by using a solid phase extraction (SPE) procedure, while the derivatization of AASs was performed by using <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010methyl\u2010<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010(trimethylsilyl)\u2010trifluoroacetamide (MSTFA). The method was validated, and the following parameters were investigated: linearity range, limit of detection, accuracy, and precision expressed in terms of intra\u2010day precision. The calibration curves were evaluated by using regression model and resulting in a good determination coefficients (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> \u2265 0.9912). The residuals were scattered randomly around zero. The limits of detection (LODs) were lower than 7.0 ng g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> or ng ml<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>. The accuracy assessment was evaluated in different forms of DSs characterized by high sample\u2010to\u2010sample variability (liquid, powder, tablet, capsule, protein, and herbal\u2010based). Intra\u2010day assay precision was in all cases lower than 20%. The developed analytical method was successfully applied to the analysis of 67 commercially available dietary supplements. In five cases, one or more steroid\u2010type compounds were found in the concentration of 5 ng g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u2013100 \u03bcg g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, which might result adverse analytical findings in athletes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2929","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,22]],"date-time":"2020-09-22T07:55:27Z","timestamp":1600761327000},"page":"128-139","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Reliable identification and quantification of anabolic androgenic steroids in dietary supplements by using gas chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1073-991X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Micalizzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences University of Messina  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katalin","family":"Huszti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Sports Nutrition Science (CSN) University of Physical Education  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0524-4261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zolt\u00e1n","family":"P\u00e1link\u00e1s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Sports Nutrition Science (CSN) University of Physical Education  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Mandolfino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences University of Messina  Messina Italy"},{"name":"Foundation A. Imbesi c\/o University of Messina  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c9va","family":"Martos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Sports Nutrition Science (CSN) University of Physical Education  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9432-1782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paola","family":"Dugo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences University of Messina  Messina Italy"},{"name":"Chromaleont s.r.l., c\/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences University of Messina  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8890-675X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"Mondello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences University of Messina  Messina Italy"},{"name":"Chromaleont s.r.l., c\/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences University of Messina  Messina Italy"},{"name":"Unit of Food Science and Nutrition, Department of Medicine University Campus Bio\u2010Medico of Rome  Rome Italy"},{"name":"BeSep s.r.l., c\/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences University of Messina  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5166-7871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margita","family":"Utcz\u00e1s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Sports Nutrition Science (CSN) University of Physical Education  Budapest Hungary"},{"name":"Chromaleont s.r.l., c\/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences University of Messina  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"2018 Anti\u2010Doping Testing Figures.https:\/\/www.wada-ama.org\/sites\/default\/files\/resources\/files\/2018_testing_figures_report.pdfAccessed 27 July 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jms.1452"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.149"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640410400023258"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.20.2618"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-819955"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0731-7085(01)00396-X"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"635","article-title":"Determination of anabolic agents in dietary supplements by liquid chromatography\u2010high\u2010resolution mass spectrometry","volume":"32","author":"Odoardi S","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/h2001-047"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200110000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200207000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2018.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.221"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/ata\/2012011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2017.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1906"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","volume-title":"Eurachem Guide: the fitness for purpose of analytical method\u2014a 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