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The goal of this study was to elucidate the metabolism of valerylfentanyl using an in vitro human liver microsome (HLM) model compared with an in vivo zebrafish model. Nineteen metabolites were detected with <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010dealkylation\u2014valeryl norfentanyl and hydroxylation as the major metabolic pathways. The major metabolites in HLMs were also detected in 30\u2009day postfertilization zebrafish. An authentic liver specimen that tested positive for valerylfentanyl, among other opioids and stimulants, revealed the presence of a metabolite that shared transitions and retention time as the hydroxylated metabolite of valerylfentanyl but could not be confirmed without an authentic standard. 4\u2010Anilino\u2010<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010phenethylpiperidine (4\u2010ANPP), a common metabolite to other fentanyl analogs, was also detected. 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