{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:43:27Z","timestamp":1790912607893,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although substances incorporated by ingestion are strongly bound to hair, their loss may occur if aggressive decontamination procedures are applied, especially in highly damaged\/porous hair. Evaluation of cleaning procedures using hair samples with different porosity obtained from ethanol or drug users (cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, methadone, fentanyl, tramadol, diazepam, buprenorphine, dihydrocodeine, citalopram and trazodone). The effect of washing time and multiple wash steps with water and methanol were evaluated. Hair samples (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u200916) were selected and evaluated according to (a) the drug pattern consumption, (b) available amount, and (c) hair porosity (c1 \u2018cosmetic treatment\u2019, c2: storage time). Six of them were soaked with an aqueous deuterated analogue solution. The samples were cut in 1\u2010cm segments and homogenized. All hair samples were then decontaminated one or six times with 1.5\u2009ml of water or methanol during 1, 5, 15, 30, 60 and\/or 90\u2009min (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20091 to 3\/sample, depending on the available amount of hair). Hair extracts were then cleaned up via a solid\u2010phase extraction (SPE) or liquid\u2013liquid extraction (LLE), while the washes were evaporated to dryness. All were thereafter reconstituted and analysed with routine ultra\u2010performance liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC\u2010MS\/MS) methods. Although concentrations of parent drugs and\/or metabolites presented a negative trend along the washing time with methanol (up to 80%), the compounds were relatively well retained in hair even after a 90\u2009min wash (with methanol or water) in most samples, and their retention would depend mostly on the hair nature rather than their physicochemical properties (whether incorporated by ingestion and\/or from external contamination). Moreover, parent drugs and\/or metabolites were detected in the washes in most samples, and the ratio between hair and washes decreased along the washing time. More than 50% of the deuterated analogues soaked into hair were still present after the different washing steps. Losses were observed more frequently for long\u2010term stored hair samples, after decontamination with methanol for more than 30\u2009min. Therefore, prolonged or repeated cleaning with methanol should be avoided in general procedures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,11]],"date-time":"2022-02-11T15:38:11Z","timestamp":1644593891000},"page":"1155-1165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Evaluation of decontamination procedures for drug testing in undamaged versus damaged hair"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3955-054X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda del Mar","family":"Ram\u00edrez Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Public Service Justice National Institute of Criminalistics and Criminology  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2683-9379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah M. R.","family":"Wille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Public Service Justice National Institute of Criminalistics and Criminology  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Yegles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire National de Sant\u00e9  Dudelange Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nele","family":"Samyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Public Service Justice National Institute of Criminalistics and Criminology  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","unstructured":"AndrausM ApppenzellerB BaumgartnerM et al.2019 Consensus for the use of alcohol markers in hair for supporting the assessment of abstinence and chronic alcohol consumption.2019.https:\/\/soht.org\/images\/pdf\/Revision_2019_Alcoholmarkers.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2015.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Recent trends in analytical methods and separation techniques for drugs of abuse in hair","volume":"856","author":"Baciu T","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anal Chim Acta."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-007-1288-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/26.7.485"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12024-018-9994-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5b03979"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2681"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.8b05866"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1649"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2014.05.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0000000000000188"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0000000000000333"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2019.06.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1652"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2020.113459"}],"container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dta.3237","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/dta.3237","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dta.3237","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:30:08Z","timestamp":1760401808000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dta.3237"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dta.3237"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dta.3237","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1942-7603","1942-7611"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1942-7603","type":"print"},{"value":"1942-7611","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-10-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-02-03","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-02-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}