{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:38:26Z","timestamp":1786977506600,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,15]],"date-time":"2022-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Herbal products for smoking containing cannabidiol (CBD) are available as \u201clow\u2010tetrahydrocannabinol cannabis products\u201d in most EU countries. In Belgium, \u03949\u2010tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content of these products must be less than 0.2% w\/w, which is also the limit for agricultural hemp. For agricultural hemp, the official and only valid method for European regulators is gas\u2010chromatography coupled to flame ionization detector (GC\u2010FID). There is no such method, for smoking products. Many of these herbal for smoking products are analyzed as part of their quality control and have certificate of analysis. During surveillance by official labs, discrepancies were seen between the official results and the certificate of analysis. In this study, a GC\u2010FID method based on the European method and an ultra\u2010high\u2010performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection (UHPLC\u2010DAD) method were validated and applied for samples analysis in order to investigate these discrepancies. The GC\u2010FID method shows better results for the validation parameters; notably, it has \u03b2\u2010expectation tolerance limits within 10% with a \u03b2 value of 95% while the validated UHPLC\u2010DAD method has \u03b2\u2010expectation tolerance limits within 15% with a \u03b2 value of 90%. Furthermore, the other parameters evaluated are generally better with the GC\u2010FID method. The statistic\n                    <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                    test shows that the difference between both methods was significantly different for total\u2010THC, but not significantly different for the total\u2010CBD. The authors state that, as for agricultural hemp, the GC\u2010FID method is to be preferred for the analysis of THC and CBD in products for smoking.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3354","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]],"date-time":"2022-08-09T21:14:20Z","timestamp":1660079660000},"page":"1732-1743","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Discrepancies between validated GC\u2010FID and UHPLC\u2010DAD methods for the analysis of \u0394\u20109\u2010THC and CBD in dried hemp flowers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Duchateau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit, RD3, Faculty of Pharmacy ULB  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health Risks Sciensano  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cedric","family":"De Leersnijder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit, RD3, Faculty of Pharmacy ULB  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health Risks Sciensano  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Barhdadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health Risks Sciensano  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micha\u00ebl","family":"Canfyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health Risks Sciensano  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3910-2990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kris","family":"De Braekeleer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit, RD3, Faculty of Pharmacy ULB  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6980-6684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Deconinck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery Unit, RD3, Faculty of Pharmacy ULB  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Medicines and Health Products, Scientific Direction Physical and Chemical Health Risks Sciensano  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2865"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2016.00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/agro:19810809"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978\u20100\u201012\u2010800756\u20103\/00001\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2020.113633"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556\u20104029.2012.02068.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467\u20102494.2005.00290_2.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","unstructured":"European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction European Drug Report trends and developments 2021 60p.10.2810\/18539."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","unstructured":"Commission Europ\u00e9enne r\u00e8glement (UE) No 1307\/2013 du Parlement Europ\u00e9en et du Conseil concernant les teneurs en THC 2013;2003:608\u2013670."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","unstructured":"European commission Plant variety catalogues databases and information systems (2021). 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