{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T04:28:10Z","timestamp":1780547290851,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]],"date-time":"2022-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005743","name":"Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Internal Funds \u2010 D1\u20102017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Internal Funds \u2010 D1\u20102017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005743","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005743","name":"Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["D1\u20102017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D1\u20102017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005743","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study focuses on the association between road accidents and the presence of drugs of abuse markers in the biological fluids of the drivers. Biological fluids collected from 1236 drivers involved in road accidents (54 fatal and 1182 non\u2010fatal crashes) in the Rome area were analyzed for alcohol and psychotropic drugs, as required by judicial authorities. The substance most frequently detected was alcohol (in 19% of non\u2010fatal and 32% of fatal crashes), followed by cannabinoids (12% of non\u2010fatal crashes) and cocaine (9% of non\u2010fatal and 20% of fatal crashes). The results obtained for cocaine and cannabinoids in blood and urine were compared. We observed the absence or low concentrations of the active drug in blood (cocaine was often below 5\u00a0ng\/ml and THC below 1\u00a0ng\/ml), whereas urinary concentrations of metabolites were generally high (benzoylecgonine 250\u2013above 5000\u2009ng\/ml, THCCOOH 15\u2013270\u2009ng\/ml). The risk of being involved in a road accident if cocaine or cannabis markers were present in the urine specimens was evaluated compared to a control population. The odds ratios calculated, being 8.13 for cannabis and 5.32 for cocaine, suggest a strong association between the presence of these drugs in the urine of drivers and traffic accidents, regardless of their presence in blood samples. The present data suggest that the chance of being involved in a road accident is higher than in the control population even if the subject is no longer \u201cunder the influence\u201d of cannabis or cocaine at the time of the accident.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,9]],"date-time":"2022-09-09T02:13:50Z","timestamp":1662689630000},"page":"477-483","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Drug\u2010impaired driving and traffic collisions: Study on a cross section of the Italian population"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5143-8649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Odoardi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Healthcare Surveillance and Bioethics, Section of Legal medicine Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario IRCCS A. Gemelli  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Biosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Healthcare Surveillance and Bioethics, Section of Legal medicine Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario IRCCS A. Gemelli  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serena","family":"Mestria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Healthcare Surveillance and Bioethics, Section of Legal medicine Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario IRCCS A. Gemelli  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Valentini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Healthcare Surveillance and Bioethics, Section of Legal medicine Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario IRCCS A. 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Gemelli  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7530-2968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabina","family":"Strano Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Healthcare Surveillance and Bioethics, Section of Legal medicine Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario IRCCS A. Gemelli  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"Global status report on road safety 2018. Geneva: World Health Organization;2018Licence: CC BYNC\u2010SA 30 IGO. 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