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With an associated 8 million deaths, the provision of noncombustible tobacco and nicotine products that smokers will accept to replace combustible cigarettes can lessen harm. However, most of these products have entered the market only in the past 20\u2009years. Therefore, particularly for some smoking\u2010related diseases, epidemiological studies to test harm reduction potential are only now becoming feasible. For cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, around two decades of data might be required. In this article, we discuss how the use of biomarkers might be applied to supplement epidemiological research for regulators. We further discuss how health providers and insurers can keep up with the rapid changes in biomarker research and recognize these reduced risks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]],"date-time":"2023-08-31T23:35:54Z","timestamp":1693524954000},"page":"1127-1132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Applications of biomarkers of exposure and biological effects in users of new generation tobacco and nicotine products: Tentative proposals"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5667-6446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Derek","family":"Yach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health Strategies LLC  Southport Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7456-3402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerhard","family":"Scherer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ABF Analytisch\u2010Biologisches Forschunglabor GmbH  Planegg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Smoking and Health: Report of the Advisory Committee to the Surgeon General of the Public Health Service [Internet]","author":"Bayne\u2010Jones S","year":"1964"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx000260u"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","volume-title":"Clearing the Smoke [Internet]","author":"Stratton K","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1596\/9730"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(07)60677\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2021.306416"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","volume-title":"Institute of Medicine of the National Academies. 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