{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T06:16:57Z","timestamp":1786947417941,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sewage\u2010based epidemiology using influent wastewater is used to estimate the consumption trends of (illicit) drugs over a short or long period of time in a subpopulation. The current study aimed to develop two separate methods for the quantitative analysis of selected drugs of abuse (DOA) and cognitive enhancers in influent wastewater using reversed\u2010phase (RP) or hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) coupled to high\u2010resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC\u2010HRMS\/MS). The performance of RP and HILIC column was evaluated. A simple solid phase extraction was used for sample preparation. Short runtimes of 10 and 15\u2009min on the RP and the HILIC column, respectively, allowed sufficient throughput. A six\u2010point calibration was used for quantification with calibration ranges between 10 and 100\u2009ng\/L for all analytes except for benzoylecgonine (BZE, 30\u2013300\u2009ng\/L). Method validation was performed according to ICH guideline M10. Analytes such as amphetamine (AMPH), BZE, cocaethylene (CE), cocaine (COC), ethyl sulfate, 4\u2010hydroxy\u20103\u2010methoxymethamphetamine, 3,4\u2010methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), methamphetamine, methylphenidate (MPH), and ritalinic acid (RA) were included in method development and validation. Two different column types were necessary for sufficient chromatographic resolution. The analytical setup allowed detection of all other analytes at concentration levels between 1\u00a0ng\/L for methylphenidate to 10\u00a0ng\/L for amphetamine. A method for the detection and quantification of DOA, cognitive enhancers, and their biomarkers in wastewater was successfully developed and validated. Moreover, six proof\u2010of\u2010concept samples were analyzed in which AMPH, BZE, COC, MDMA, MPH, and RA were identified and further quantified.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T23:51:31Z","timestamp":1701129091000},"page":"893-902","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Quantitative analysis of drugs of abuse and cognitive enhancers in influent wastewater by means of two chromatographic methods"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Fabian","family":"Frankenfeld","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS) Saarland University  Homburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7470-7912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lea","family":"Wagmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS) Saarland University  Homburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cathy M.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS) Saarland University  Homburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4377-6784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus R.","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS) Saarland University  Homburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"European Drug Report 2022","author":"EMCDDA","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2016.12.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mas.20168"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1957"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12570"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.11.075"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.200700630"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2013.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2019.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216\u2010010\u20104101\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216\u2010009\u20103017\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","volume-title":"ICH Guideline M10 on Bioanalytical Method Validation and Study Sample Analysis","author":"EMA","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","volume-title":"Maurer\/Meyer\/Helfer\/Weber MMHW LC\u2010HR\u2010MS\/MS library of drugs, poisons, and their metabolites","author":"Maurer HH","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","volume-title":"Guideline on Bioanalytical Method Validation","author":"EMA","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac020361s"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.4736"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-62168-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ramb.2012.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2014.07.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.07.016"}],"container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dta.3608","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T13:28:46Z","timestamp":1760362126000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dta.3608"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dta.3608"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dta.3608","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1942-7603","1942-7611"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1942-7603","type":"print"},{"value":"1942-7611","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-09-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-11-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-11-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}