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Cathinones are the second largest group of new psychoactive substances (NPS), with close to 170 monitored by the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA). Although all cathinones are related to the parent compound cathinone, one of the psychoactive principles in khat, assigning consistent, informative and user\u2010friendly common names to these substances is challenging. Over time different naming approaches have been applied, leading to cathinones being known by several names. This work provides a framework and practical examples for the consistent naming of cathinones which is easy to understand and can be applied by the forensic community, researchers, clinical practitioners, and policy makers. The scope of the issue and rationale for earlier naming approaches are also discussed. The new naming framework has been developed based on established naming approaches and centered around the common \u201ccathinone,\u201d and \u201cphenone\u201d motifs\/scaffolds. The proposed framework establishes clear rules to derive the EMCDDA framework names for cathinones. Each name is, in turn, composed by a principal name containing a parent letter, derived after the \u201ccathinone\u201d or the \u201cphenone\u201d scaffold. Additional substitutions are prepended to the principal name. The framework also provides for exceptions for several cathinones and structural analogs scheduled under UN and EU legislation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]],"date-time":"2024-02-23T01:02:05Z","timestamp":1708650125000},"page":"1409-1435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["EMCDDA framework and practical guidance for naming cathinones"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7772-2111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benedikt","family":"Pulver","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Bureau of Criminal Investigation Schleswig\u2010Holstein Forensic Science Institute  Kiel Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Toxicology, Medical Center\u2013University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg  Freiburg 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