{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T23:39:36Z","timestamp":1773272376582,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The use of differential mobility spectrometry at low pressure coupled to liquid chromatography\u2010mass spectrometry (LC\u2010vDMS\u2010MS) was investigated for the analysis of 13 drugs of abuse (DoA) including the following: cocaine, ecgonine methyl ester, cocaethylene, benzoylecgonine, norcocaine, tramadol, isomeric pairs of metabolites;\n                    <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010desmethyl\u2010cis\u2010tramadol and\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010desmethyl\u2010cis\u2010tramadol, and cannabinoids: \u0394\n                    <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010tetrahydrocannabinol, \u0394\n                    <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010tetrahydrocannabidiol, 11\u2010hydroxy\u2010\u0394\n                    <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010tetrahydrocannabinol, 11\u2010nor\u20109carboxy\u2010\u0394\n                    <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010tetrahydrocannabinol, and 11\u2010nor\u20109carboxy\u2010\u0394\n                    <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010tetrahydrocannabinol glucuronide. Different parameters were optimized for isomeric separation, such as LC mobile phase composition (20%\u2013100% methanol acetonitrile and isopropanol, flow rate: 8\u2013100\u2009\u03bcL\/min) and DMS separation voltage. Methanol and acetonitrile significantly affected the compensation voltage of the analytes and improved DMS separation. A short trap\/elute LC\u2010vDMS\u2010SIM\/MS screening method of 1\u00a0min was developed to quantify 11 drugs of abuse (except THC\/CBD), in addition to a 4\u2010min LC\u2010vDMS\u2010SIM\/MS method to identify and quantify five cannabinoids including the isomers THC\/CBD and three THC metabolites. THC is the principal psychoactive constituent of cannabis and is a controlled substance in comparison to its isomeric counterpart CBD; this highlights the importance and challenges to resolve these isomeric pairs by analytical techniques. The signal responses were linear over a concentration range of 0.005\u201310\u00a0\u03bcg\/mL for the DoA and 1\u20131000\u2009ng\/mL for cannabinoids. The intraday and interday precision were better than 12.2% and accuracy better than 115%. Urine samples from subjects who tested positive for THC and\/or cocaine during roadside drug testing were evaluated to assess the performance of the methods LC\u2010vDMS\u2010SIM\/MS and LC\u2010MRM\/MS. Results show that the developed LC\u2010vDMS\u2010SIM\/MS method presents similar performance to LC\u2010MRM\/MS with improved sample throughput.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3778","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T03:14:49Z","timestamp":1722395689000},"page":"751-760","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["High\u2010throughput liquid chromatography\u2010vacuum differential mobility spectrometry\u2010mass spectrometry for the analysis of isomeric drugs of abuse in human urine"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5837-2657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Fernanda","family":"Cifuentes Girard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry University of Geneva  Geneva 4 Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0813-8760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"Knight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shimadzu Research Laboratory  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9087-606X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00e9rard","family":"Hopfgartner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry University of Geneva  Geneva 4 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