{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T11:09:58Z","timestamp":1777892998951,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,19]],"date-time":"2024-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Positive identification and reporting of therapeutic substances intended for human consumption in race\u2010day equine and canine samples is a controversial topic. While inadvertent environmental exposure is a potential cause for the presence of these substances in race\u2010day samples, intentional use cannot be ruled out given their therapeutic benefits. Pregabalin is widely prescribed in Australia to treat epilepsy, anxiety, and neuropathic pain in humans; however, it is also increasingly used as a recreational drug. Metformin is commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes in humans. Both pregabalin and metformin have no routine use on racing animals and should not be present in race\u2010day samples taken from healthy animals. They are prohibited substances under the Rules of Racing with no established screening limits. Although therapeutic levels for these substances have been established in humans, such information is not available for animals. Pregabalin and metformin are analytically challenging molecules, more so when they are extracted from biological matrices routinely screened for hundreds of other compounds simultaneously. A simple extraction, followed by a targeted Ultra High\u2010Pressure Liquid Chromatography Orbitrap\u2122 Mass Spectrometry method utilising a reverse\u2010phase C18 column, is presented. This method is effective in screening for pregabalin and metformin, in addition to more than 150 other compounds of interest in equine and canine urines. The prevalence of pregabalin and metformin in race\u2010day equine and canine urine samples in Western Australia was monitored using this method over 12\u2009months. More than 4000 urine samples were screened, and four samples were confirmed positive for these substances.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3805","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,19]],"date-time":"2024-09-19T23:44:12Z","timestamp":1726789452000},"page":"1028-1033","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Emerging Human Medications in Racing Animals: Analytical and Regulatory Challenges"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2906-4249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Buddhika N.","family":"Dorakumbura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Racing Chemistry Laboratory ChemCentre  Bentley WA Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3817-8333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola M.","family":"Beckett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Racing Chemistry Laboratory ChemCentre  Bentley WA Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elise C.","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Racing Chemistry Laboratory ChemCentre  Bentley WA Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashley\u2010N' Dene","family":"Nolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Racing Chemistry Laboratory ChemCentre  Bentley WA Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2270-9681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Science Laboratory ChemCentre  Bentley WA Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bianca","family":"Douglas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Science Laboratory ChemCentre  Bentley WA Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-10324-7_13","volume-title":"Comparative and Veterinary Pharmacology","author":"Toutain P. 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