{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T17:11:31Z","timestamp":1790183491358,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738800000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ethyl glucuronide detection in hair (H\u2010EtG) effectively diagnoses long\u2010term abstinence and differentiates between social and chronic excessive alcohol use. However, hair testing does not capture alcohol consumption within the week prior to sample collection. To address this limitation, blood tests like phosphatidylethanol (PEth) and blood ethyl glucuronide (B\u2010EtG) are used alongside H\u2010EtG, extending alcohol detection from minutes after drinking up to the period covered by hair. A total of 1205 cases were selected, where H\u2010EtG was analysed in hair segments over 3\u2009cm long, and concurrent fingertip blood samples in dried blood spots (DBSs) were analysed for PEth and B\u2010EtG using UPLC\/ESI\u2010MS\/MS with cut\u2010offs: H\u2010EtG\u2009=\u20095\u2009pg\/mg, PEth\u2009=\u200920\u2009ng\/mL and B\u2010EtG\u2009=\u200910\u2009ng\/mL. A total of 468 (39%) cases showed H\u2010EtG, PEth and B\u2010EtG levels below cut\u2010off, consistent with abstinence, while 198 (16%) were above cut\u2010off, indicating continuous alcohol consumption. The remaining cases exhibited various patterns. B\u2010EtG was negative in 282 cases (23%), with H\u2010EtG and PEth detected, suggesting alcohol use but not recently. PEth was positive, but H\u2010EtG and B\u2010EtG were negative in 149 cases (12%), indicating alcohol use within a month, but not recently. H\u2010EtG was positive in 78 cases (6%), with PEth and B\u2010EtG negative, confirming recent abstinence. H\u2010EtG was negative in 27 cases (2%), indicating no alcohol use for months, but recent consumption was confirmed by the detection of PEth and B\u2010EtG. Only two cases (0.2%) had positive B\u2010EtG with negative H\u2010EtG and PEth, indicating recent alcohol use. The results confirm the value of combining H\u2010EtG with concurrent blood testing of PEth and B\u2010EtG, significantly enhancing drinking history assessment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3865","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T03:49:36Z","timestamp":1738813776000},"page":"1588-1593","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Hair EtG Testing in Combination With Measurements of PEth and EtG in Blood to Improve the Assessment of Alcohol Consumption"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6875-8797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Si\u00e2n","family":"Bevan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Cansford Laboratories Limited  Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lolita","family":"Tsanaclis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Cansford Laboratories Limited  Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"British Liver Trust https:\/\/britishlivertrust.org.uk\/27\u20104\u2010billion\u2010cost\u2010of\u2010alcohol\u2010harm\u2010in\u2010england\u2010every\u2010year\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"World Health Organisation (WHO). \u201cInternational Guide for Monitoring Alcohol Consumption and Related Harm \u201dhttps:\/\/iris.who.int\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/66529\/WHO_MSD_MSB_00.4.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","unstructured":"Public Health Wales https:\/\/phw.nhs.wales\/topics\/alcohol\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","unstructured":"Society of Hair Testing.2019\u201cConsensus for the Use of Alcohol Markers in Hair for Supporting the Assessment of Abstinence and Chronic Alcohol Consumption\u201dhttps:\/\/soht.org\/images\/pdf\/Revision_2019_Alcoholmarkers.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2939"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Forensic Examination of Hair","author":"Harding H.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102133.1985.tb02038.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379\u20100738(96)02042\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2011.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2011.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2206"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1648"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkaa026"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2018.0309"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005\u20102760(84)90060\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556\u20104029.13874"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS14267J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/34.1.71"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agz015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3340"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxac.2022.06.311"}],"container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dta.3865","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T07:36:23Z","timestamp":1761032183000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dta.3865"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dta.3865"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dta.3865","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1942-7603","1942-7611"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1942-7603","type":"print"},{"value":"1942-7611","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-10-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}