{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T17:22:39Z","timestamp":1771521759994,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]],"date-time":"2025-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Monitoring long\u2010term alcohol consumption is critical in forensic and public health contexts. Hair analysis of ethyl glucuronide (EtG), a direct metabolite of ethanol, has become a standard method for detecting chronic alcohol use. While the reliability of EtG hair testing is well established for short\u2010 and medium\u2010term analyses, its stability in hair stored over extended periods has not been comprehensively evaluated. This limitation is especially relevant in retrospective investigations, postmortem evaluations, and long\u2010term epidemiological studies, where archived samples may be analyzed years after collection. In this study, we assessed the long\u2010term stability of EtG in human hair stored for up to 10\u2009years. A total of 909 samples originally analyzed between 2013 and 2022 were re\u2010tested in 2023 using a previously published and validated liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry (LC\u2013MS\/MS) method. When the results of the old and the new analyses were compared, EtG concentrations showed no significant degradation over time, with more than 80% of the samples displaying matching values when analytical uncertainty was considered. Only a small fraction of samples (4.4%) dropped below the commonly used interpretive threshold for chronic alcohol use (30\u2009pg\/mg) after 10\u2009years of storage. These findings provide robust evidence that EtG remains chemically stable in hair under standard storage conditions over a decade, confirming the reliability of archived samples for assessing alcohol use history and expanding the utility of EtG analysis in long\u2010term toxicological and forensic investigations. The demonstrated stability strengthens confidence in hair as a matrix for retrospective substance use evaluation across scientific disciplines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3934","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]],"date-time":"2025-07-22T23:59:11Z","timestamp":1753228751000},"page":"2239-2245","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Long\u2010Term Stability of Ethyl Glucuronide in Hair: A 10\u2010Year Retrospective Analysis of 909 Samples by LC\u2013MS\/MS"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5049-7321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Casati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio di Tossicologia Forense, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche ed Odontoiatriche Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Fondazione IRCCS C\u00e0 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Ravelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio di Tossicologia Forense, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche ed Odontoiatriche Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberta\u00a0F.","family":"Bergamaschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio di Tossicologia Forense, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche ed Odontoiatriche Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7144-0984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Del\u00a0Fabbro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione IRCCS C\u00e0 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche ed Odontoiatriche Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0223-7805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giorgio","family":"Binelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita Universit\u00e0 dell'Insubria  Varese Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6736-6467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriella","family":"Roda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi di Milano  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1558-9551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marica","family":"Orioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche ed Odontoiatriche Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano  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of experts and finally approved by the General Assembly of SoHT \u201cConsensus for the Use of Alcohol Markers in Hair for Supporting the Assessment of Abstinence and Chronic Alcohol Consumption \u201d (2019)."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm.1982.20.11.817"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","unstructured":"A.Duda L.Tsanaclis \u201cThe stability of Ethyl Glucuronide (EtG) in Stored Hair Samples \u201d inTIAFT2024 St. Gallen Switzerland (2024) pp.59\u201360 https:\/\/Tiaft2024.Org\/Custom\/Media\/TIAFT\/Programm\/WEB_KSSG\u20109258_Programm_TIAFT_A4_ZUSAMMEN_NEU_03_ES.Cleaned.Pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2006.05.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2006.02.019"}],"container-title":["Drug Testing and 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