{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T17:51:25Z","timestamp":1790013085574,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Dried blood spots (DBS) have emerged as a promising complement, and in some settings, an alternative, to urine for anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) testing, offering advantages such as minimal invasiveness, simplified storage, and transportation. This study evaluated two DBS collection devices\u2014cellulose\u2010based Capitainer\u2010B50 and polymer\u2010based Tasso\u2010M20\u2014and compared results with traditional urine analysis. Ten self\u2010reported AAS users were recruited and provided matched urine and DBS samples. High agreement between the two DBS devices was observed, although Capitainer\u2010B50 showed a slightly greater detection rate, likely due to a higher sample volume (50\u2009\u03bcL vs. 17.5\u2009\u03bcL) improved analyte recovery, and lower background noise. Notably, DBS enabled detection of testosterone use in all 10 participants, while urine testing missed two cases with naturally low urinary testosterone\/epitestosterone (T\/E) ratios (most likely UGT2B17 del\/del carriers). Moreover, the differentiation between prescribed and illicit use of testosterone esters was also possible in DBS, but not in urine testing, while nandrolone detection in DBS was limited at low concentrations. The findings support DBS as a sensitive and practical tool for AAS detection and provide critical advantages in detecting doping with testosterone esters in individuals with prescribed testosterone therapy and in UGT2B17 deletion carriers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3950","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T22:20:02Z","timestamp":1757456402000},"page":"2374-2383","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Detection of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids and Steroid Esters\u2014Comparing Dried Blood Spots Collection Devices and Urine Samples"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Tina","family":"Suominen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Helsinki Doping Control Laboratory Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeanette","family":"von Walden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska Institute  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Doping Control Laboratory, MU Clinical Pharmacology Karolinska University Hospital  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Harju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helsinki Doping Control Laboratory Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anton","family":"Pohanka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska Institute  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Doping Control Laboratory, MU Clinical Pharmacology Karolinska University Hospital  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2262-9590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenny","family":"Schulze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska Institute  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikael","family":"Lehtihet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Karolinska Institute  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1053-2345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lena","family":"Ekstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska Institute  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Doping Control Laboratory, MU Clinical Pharmacology Karolinska University Hospital  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2016.03.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4155\/bio-2021-0019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2010.03668.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.25.2.337"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","unstructured":"B.Makvandi \u201cDetection of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids in Serum and Dried Blood Spots\u201d (Licentiate Thesis Karolinska Institutet) https:\/\/openarchive.ki.se\/articles\/thesis\/Detection_of_anabolic_androgenic_steroids_in_serum_and_dried_blood_spots\/28570130?file=53646743."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3660"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3600"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3125"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","unstructured":"L.Harju H.Nieminen A.Silvonen andT.Suominen \u201cAnalysis of Doping Agents in Dried Blood Spots\u2014Method Development of Multiple Classes Screening \u201d Poster Manfred Donike Workshop 42nd Cologne Workshop on Dope Analysis February 2024 2024."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2121"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","unstructured":"WADA \u201cTechnical Document TD2022IRMS \u201d2023 https:\/\/www.wada\u2010ama.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2022\u201001\/td2022irms_v1.0_final_eng_0_0.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","unstructured":"WADA 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D.Albertsdottir andP.Van Eenoo \u201cComparability Between Different Analytical Workflows for the Analyses of Steroid Esters \u201d Poster Manfred Donike Workshop 43rd Cologne Workshop on Dope Analyses February 2025 2025.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2025.117048"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ansa.202300011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","unstructured":"\u201cTUE Physician Guidelines \u201d2019 https:\/\/www.wada\u2010ama.org\/sites\/default\/files\/resources\/files\/tuec_malehypogonadism_version6.2.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-1643"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0218"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3638"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","unstructured":"G.Pecher DG \u201cAnalysis of Testosterone Esters in Urine Samples\u2014Evidence of the Detectibility of Testosterone Esters in Trace Amounts \u201d Poster Manfred Donike Workshop 43rd Cologne Workshop on Dope Analyses February 2025 2025."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1526"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2016.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad085"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2021.114280"}],"container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dta.3950","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T01:45:17Z","timestamp":1765331117000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dta.3950"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dta.3950"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dta.3950","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1942-7603","1942-7611"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1942-7603","type":"print"},{"value":"1942-7611","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-01","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}