{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T14:38:45Z","timestamp":1770734325995,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,24]],"date-time":"2012-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1330041600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The Italian Decree on Health and Safety at Work (81\/08) prescribes mandatory drug tests for jobs which pose safety hazards to others. Workplace drug testing is performed in accordance with the Provision of the Government\u2010Regions Conference, 2008. The aim of our survey was to examine the prevalence of drug use and the main drug findings in a sample of Italian workers performing hazardous jobs. From September 2009 to February 2011, 551 urine samples were collected in 42 Italian companies. Sample collection was carried out at the workplace by qualified laboratory personnel sent from the Institute of Occupational Medicine of the Catholic University (UCSC) of Rome. The workers to be tested were informed the day before, as the law requires. The samples were checked for adulteration, coded, and sent immediately to the laboratory of the UCSC Forensic Toxicology Analytical Unit. The screening test was an immunoassay. The positive samples proceeded to the confirmatory analysis with liquid chromatography\u2010tandem mass spectrometry (LC\u2010MS\/MS). The urine samples were analyzed for cannabis, opiates, amphetamines, methamphetamines, cocaine, methadone, and MDMA. Out of 16 samples .9% screened positive; only 4 of them (0.7%) were confirmed with the LC\u2010MS\/MS. Confirmed results included cocaine (2 samples), cannabis (1 sample), both cocaine and cannabis (1 sample). The prevalence of positive samples was lower than expected. Such finding cannot be explained by a low reliability of the testing procedure but could be due to test scheduling. More positive cases might be found performing short\u2010notice random testing. Copyright \u00a9 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,24]],"date-time":"2012-02-24T00:20:49Z","timestamp":1330042849000},"page":"66-70","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A snapshot of workplace drug testing in Italy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Paolo Emilio","family":"Santoro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Catholic University of the Sacred Heart  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabella De","family":"Nardis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Catholic University of the Sacred Heart  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pietrangelo","family":"Fronterr\u00e8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Catholic University of the Sacred Heart  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marialinda","family":"Felli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Catholic University of the Sacred Heart  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Martello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Catholic University of the Sacred Heart  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Bergamaschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Catholic University of the Sacred Heart  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcello","family":"Chiarotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Catholic University of the Sacred Heart  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0376-8716(85)90002-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09595239300185361"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.143.12.1546"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2003.64.570"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","unstructured":"Presidency of the Council of Ministers Office of National Drug Control Policy.Annual Report to Parliament on Drug Use and Addiction in Italy.2011 28 June."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","unstructured":"Republic Presidential Decree 9 October 1990 No. 309 Art. 125.Official Journal of the Italian RepublicNo. 255 Ordinary Supplement No. 67 1990 31 October."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","unstructured":"Legislative Decree 9 April 2008 No. 81.Official Journal of the Italian RepublicNo. 101 Ordinary Supplement No. 108\/L 2008 30 April."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","unstructured":"Provision of the Government\u2010Regions Conference 18 September 2008.Official Journal of the Italian RepublicNo. 236 2008 8 October."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","unstructured":"Agreement of the Government\u2010Regions Conference 30 October 2007.Official Journal of the Italian Republic No. 266 2007 15 November."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"196","article-title":"Drug use among workers: An update","volume":"32","author":"Crespi V.","year":"2010","journal-title":"G. Ital. Med. Lav. Ergon."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","article-title":"Prevalence of drug abuse among workers: Strengths and pitfalls of the recent Italian workplace drug testing (WDT) legislation","author":"Kazanga I.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2007.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2007.03.033"}],"container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fdta.417","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dta.417","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T19:52:07Z","timestamp":1760385127000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dta.417"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dta.417"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dta.417","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1942-7603","1942-7611"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1942-7603","type":"print"},{"value":"1942-7611","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]}}}