{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:14:05Z","timestamp":1789085645250,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786665600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Artificially cultured bacterial solutions derived from urine were used to simulate urine degradation. Bacterial activity primarily induced the hydrolysis of glucuronide\u2010conjugated steroids during the early stage, followed by steroid transformation and redistribution among conjugated forms as degradation progressed. By separating and analyzing free and glucuronide\u2010conjugated steroid fractions, the free\u2010to\u2010total ratios of the diols (5\u03b1Adiol and 5\u03b2Adiol) were demonstrated to be sensitive indicators of degradation progression, particularly in low\u2010testosterone (T)\u2013excreting populations where the\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>free<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>total<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    ratio may be difficult to determine. In the early stage of degradation, the concentrations of steroids in the Urinary Markers of the Steroidal Module of the Athlete Biological Passport (ABP\u2010USM) were not significantly affected, even when a small proportion of free steroids was detected. However, as the degradation process advanced, the degradation markers currently used by WADA (the 5\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    AND\/A and 5\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    AND\/Etio ratios) increased rapidly. Once these ratios exceeded 0.1, the concentrations of both free and glucuronide\u2010conjugated steroids underwent notable changes, which may potentially affect the interpretation of the ABP\u2010USM markers.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.70127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T07:39:47Z","timestamp":1786693187000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Microbial Activity on Testosterone and Its Major Metabolites in Urine Samples: An Artificial Intervention Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6369-6952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chao","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Anti\u2010Doping Laboratory Beijing Sport University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Anti\u2010Doping Laboratory Beijing Sport University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Anti\u2010Doping Laboratory Beijing Sport University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8631-1069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sisi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Anti\u2010Doping Laboratory Beijing Sport University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengmeng","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Anti\u2010Doping Laboratory Beijing Sport University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.wada\u2010ama.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2026\u201003\/td2027apmu_final_1.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.wada\u2010ama.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2026\u201003\/td2027usm_final_1.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2014-093512"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad085"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coemr.2019.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1481-8683"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jms.1457"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2009.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2960"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2010.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.2000.4918"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.219"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.202"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-1643"}],"container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dta.70127","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/dta.70127","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dta.70127","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T23:56:55Z","timestamp":1789084615000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dta.70127"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"references-count":14,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dta.70127"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dta.70127","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1942-7603","1942-7611"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1942-7603","type":"print"},{"value":"1942-7611","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-06-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-17","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"dta.70127"}}