{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T01:52:14Z","timestamp":1791165134436,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791072000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791072000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013935","name":"Partnership for Clean Competition","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["514"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["514"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013935","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug Testing and Analysis"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Anti\u2010doping organisations are tasked with detecting, deterring and preventing doping in sport, and because biological testing consumes a large share of budgets, efficient resource allocation is essential. Enhancing effectiveness requires better insight into how well current methods identify athletes at risk. The International Testing Agency (ITA) recently introduced the Athlete Performance Passport (APP), which uses competition performance data to flag at\u2010risk weightlifters for targeted testing. This study evaluates the APP alongside established approaches, including Athlete Passport Management Unit (APMU) recommendations and atypical findings from the steroidal module of the Athlete Biological Passport (ABP). Data from 1960 male and 1583 female athletes were analysed, identifying 175 individuals (109 male and 66 female) who committed an Article 2.1 Anti\u2010Doping Rule Violation (ADRV) between December 2009 and April 2025. The study assessed how effectively each method identified these athletes. Overall, the APP detected 34% of athletes who committed ADRVs during this period. Focusing on data since the steroidal passport's introduction in 2014, the APP identified 30% of ADRVs, outperforming APMU suspicious reports (17%) and atypical ABP steroidal profiles (10%). When combined, these methods identified 38% of ADRVs. These findings indicate that performance\u2010based monitoring can strengthen anti\u2010doping risk assessment and improve targeted testing strategies, particularly in sports with comprehensive competition data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.70162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T01:24:59Z","timestamp":1791163499000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evidence for the Effectiveness of the Performance Passport Within an Intelligence\u2010Based Weightlifting Anti\u2010Doping Programme"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0684-889X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory","family":"Hayward","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Testing Agency  Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4828-7368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jim E.","family":"Griffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistical Science University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurentiu C.","family":"Hinoveanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Kent  Canterbury Kent UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1824-907X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Gaborini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Testing Agency  Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Testing Agency  Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4786-7037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James G.","family":"Hopker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Kent  Canterbury Kent UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"WADA \u201cWorld anti\u2010doping code 2021 \u201d World Anti\u2010Doping Agency (2021) https:\/\/www.wada\u2010ama.org\/sites\/default\/files\/resources\/files\/2021_wada_code.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"iNADO \u201cReport Capability Register Member NADOs and RADOs \u201d (2021) https:\/\/www.inado.org\/who\u2010we\u2010are\/capability\u2010register."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"WADA \u201cWADA Testing Figures Report 2024 \u201d (2026) https:\/\/www.wada\u2010ama.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2026\u201002\/2024_anti\u2010doping_testing_figures_report_final_v4.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","unstructured":"WADA \u201cInternational Standard for Testing and Investigations \u201d World Anti\u2010Doping Agency (2021) https:\/\/www.wada\u2010ama.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2022\u201012\/isti_2023_w_annex_k_final_clean.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","unstructured":"WADA \u201cAthlete Biological Passport Operating Guidelines Version 9.0 \u201d World Anti\u2010Doping Agency (2023) https:\/\/www.wada\u2010ama.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2023\u201007\/guidelines_abp_v9_2023_final_eng_1.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","series-title":"Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology","first-page":"305","volume-title":"Doping in Sports: Biochemical Principles, Effects and Analysis","author":"Sottas P. 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