{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T02:22:11Z","timestamp":1770430931605,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,3]],"date-time":"2004-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1102032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Developmental Dynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of our study was to investigate the importance of pulmonary distension and fetal breathing\u2010like movements executed by the contractile activity of the intercostal respiratory muscles for proper lung growth and maturation. Lung development in <jats:italic>Myf5\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic> embryos, lacking the rib cage and functional intercostal musculature, was compared with wild\u2010type controls at embryonic days 14.5, 16.5, and 18.5. Our data revealed that <jats:italic>Myf5\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic> embryos suffered from pulmonary hypoplasia in part due to the decreased number of proliferating lung cells and in part due to the increased number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) \u2010positive cells. In addition, the proximal\u2010to\u2010distal expression gradient of thyroid transcription factor\u20101 observed in wild\u2010type embryos was not maintained in <jats:italic>Myf5\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic> embryos. The number of lung cells expressing platelet\u2010derived growth factor\u2010BB, its receptor and insulin growth factor\u2010I was significantly decreased in the hypoplastic lung. By contrast, no difference in the expression pattern of surfactant associated proteins or Clara cells marker was detected between wild\u2010type and <jats:italic>Myf5\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic> embryos. Collectively, our data suggest that the mechanochemical signal transduction pathway used in vitro is also effective in vivo influencing lung growth but not lung cell maturation and resulting in lung hypoplasia. These data affirm the role of fetal breathing\u2010like movements in lung organogenesis. Developmental Dynamics 232:43\u201354, 2005. \u00a9 2004 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.20202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,3]],"date-time":"2004-12-03T17:46:28Z","timestamp":1102095988000},"page":"43-54","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Abnormal development of the intercostal muscles and the rib cage in <i>Myf5<\/i>\u2212\/\u2212 embryos leads to pulmonary hypoplasia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"232","author":[{"given":"Mohammad 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