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Real\u2010Time RT PCR, Western blot and metabolic labeling studies indicate an increased expression of \u03b2\u2010 and \u03b3\u2010crystallins in Nuc1 retina. The increased expression of crystallins was localized to the astrocytes surrounding the intraocular vessels. A similar pattern of crystallin expression was also observed in the retinal vessels during normal development. Cultured human astrocytes exposed to 3\u2010nitropropionic acid, an established model of neuronal hypoxia, increased VEGF expression, as expected, but also increased expression of crystallins. Our data suggest that crystallins may function together with VEGF during vascular remodeling. Interestingly, in human PFV (persistent fetal vasculature) disease, where the hyaloid vasculature abnormally persists after birth, we show that astrocytes express both VEGF and crystallins. Developmental Dynamics 234:36\u201347, 2005. \u00a9 2005 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.20494","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,7]],"date-time":"2005-07-07T18:46:27Z","timestamp":1120761987000},"page":"36-47","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["A potential role for \u03b2\u2010 and \u03b3\u2010crystallins in the vascular remodeling of the eye"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"234","author":[{"given":"Cheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Gehlbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celine","family":"Gongora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marisol","family":"Cano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Fariss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacey","family":"Hose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avindra","family":"Nath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William R.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morton F.","family":"Goldberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"J. 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