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Canine retinal endothelial cells (ECs) and angioblasts were used to model OIR and characterize the effects of hyperoxia on angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. Cell cycle analysis showed that hyperoxia reduced the number of G1 phase cells and showed increased arrest in S phase for both cell types. Migration of ECs was significantly inhibited in hyperoxia (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). Hyperoxia disrupted the cytoskeleton of angioblasts but not ECs after 2 days. Differentiation of angioblasts into ECs (determined by acetylated low\u2010density lipoprotein uptake) was evaluated after basic fibroblast growth factor treatment. Differentiation of angioblasts into pericytes was determined by smooth muscle actin expression after treatment with platelet\u2010derived growth factor. Differentiation into ECs was significantly inhibited by hyperoxia (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001). The percentage of CXCR4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells (a marker for retinal vascular precursors) increased in both treatment groups after hyperoxia. These data show novel mechanisms of hyperoxia\u2010induced disruption of vascular development. Developmental Dynamics 236:981\u2013990, 2007. \u00a9 2007 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.21122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,15]],"date-time":"2007-03-15T19:34:23Z","timestamp":1173987263000},"page":"981-990","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Hyperoxia inhibits several critical aspects of vascular development"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"236","author":[{"given":"Koichi","family":"Uno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol A.","family":"Merges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rhonda","family":"Grebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerard A.","family":"Lutty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarl W.","family":"Prow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1095-1024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.18.1.26"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.03-1169"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02623592"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"3136","article-title":"Staurosporine blocks cell progression through G1 between the cyclin D and cyclin E restriction points","volume":"54","author":"Gong J","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"496","article-title":"Effects of sustained hyperoxia on revascularization in experimental retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"43","author":"Gu X","year":"2002","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00424.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/63.2.214"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"1217","article-title":"Vascularization of the human fetal retina: roles of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis","volume":"41","author":"Hughes S","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.123.7.991"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1336"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2004.03.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02713689808951232"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"218","article-title":"5\u2032 nucleotidase and adenosine during retinal vasculogenesis and oxygen\u2010induced retinopathy","volume":"41","author":"Lutty GA","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2005.09.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001090050231"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-2862(87)90021-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","first-page":"300","article-title":"Vaso\u2010obliteration in the canine model of oxygen\u2010induced retinopathy","volume":"37","author":"McLeod DS","year":"1996","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","first-page":"1918","article-title":"Clinical and histopathologic features of canine oxygen\u2010induced proliferative retinopathy","volume":"39","author":"McLeod DS","year":"1998","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.20988"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.05-1473"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.2001.281.2.L291"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713688408997197"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","first-page":"1836","article-title":"Oxygen\u2010induced retinopathy in the rat. 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