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Course I is a wave of hyperpolarization that travels across the gastrula. Course II comprises the appearance of patterns that match shape changes and gene expression domains of the developing face; hyperpolarization marks folding epithelium and both hyperpolarized and depolarized regions overlap domains of head patterning genes. In Course III, localized regions of hyperpolarization form at various positions, expand, and disappear. Inhibiting H<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u2010transport by the H<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u2010V\u2010ATPase causes abnormalities in: (1) the morphology of craniofacial structures; (2) Course II voltage patterns; and (3) patterns of <jats:italic>sox9, pax8, slug, mitf, xfz3, otx2<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>pax6<\/jats:italic>. We conclude that this bioelectric signal has a role in development of the face. Thus, it exemplifies an important, under\u2010studied mechanism of developmental regulation. 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