{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T01:05:00Z","timestamp":1760403900960,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,9]],"date-time":"2014-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001459","name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T13-1001-P02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T13-1001-P02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001459","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Developmental Dynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:styled-content>Background:<\/jats:styled-content> Ryk is a subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases, which along with Frizzled and Ror, function as Wnt receptors. Vertebrate Ryk intracellular domain (ICD) is released from the cell membrane by a proteolytic cleavage in the transmembrane region and localizes to the nucleus. In <jats:italic>C. elegans<\/jats:italic>, Ryk is encoded by the <jats:italic>lin\u201018<\/jats:italic> gene and regulates the polarity of the P7.p vulval cell. <jats:styled-content>Results:<\/jats:styled-content> Based on Western blots, we were unable to detect the presence of the cleaved LIN\u201018 ICD fragment. Functional assays found that LIN\u201018 intracellular domain is not absolutely required for LIN\u201018 function, consistent with previous results. However, overexpression of the LIN\u201018 intracellular domain fragment (LIN\u201018ICD) weakly enhanced the phenotype of <jats:italic>lin\u201018<\/jats:italic> loss\u2010of\u2010function mutants. Furthermore, this activity was specific to the serine\u2010rich juxtamembrane region. We also found that the nuclear localization of LIN\u201018ICD fragment can be regulated by Wnt pathway components including CAM\u20101\/Ror, and by PAR\u20105\/14\u20103\u20103. <jats:styled-content>Conclusions:<\/jats:styled-content> Release of LIN\u201018ICD by cleavage at the membrane is not the main mechanism of LIN\u201018 signaling in vulval cells. However, our results suggest that LIN\u201018 intracellular domain interacts with Wnt pathway components and a 14\u20103\u20103 protein and likely plays a minor role in LIN\u201018 signaling. <jats:italic>Developmental Dynamics 243:1074\u20131085, 2014<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.24159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,28]],"date-time":"2014-06-28T05:28:13Z","timestamp":1403933293000},"page":"1074-1085","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Function of the Ryk intracellular domain in <i>C. elegans<\/i> vulval development"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"243","author":[{"given":"Woon Cheng","family":"Poh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore  Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanqing","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore  Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takao","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore  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