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Injury\u2010dependent transcription is governed by the tissue regeneration enhancer elements (TREEs). Here, we utilized\n                      <jats:italic>leptin b<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>lepb<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), an injury\u2010specific factor, and its TREE to dissect heterogeneity of noncardiomyocytes (CMs) in regenerating hearts.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our single\u2010cell RNA sequencing (scRNA\u2010seq) analysis demonstrated that the endothelium\/endocardium(EC) is activated to induce distinct subpopulations upon injury. We demonstrated that\n                      <jats:italic>lepb<\/jats:italic>\n                      can be utilized as a regeneration\u2010specific marker to subset injury\u2010activated ECs.\n                      <jats:italic>lepb<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      ECs robustly induce pro\u2010regenerative factors, implicating\n                      <jats:italic>lepb<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      ECs as a signaling center to interact with other cardiac cells. Our scRNA\u2010seq analysis identified that\n                      <jats:italic>lepb<\/jats:italic>\n                      is also produced by subpopulation of epicardium (Epi) and epicardium\u2010derived cells (EPDCs). To determine whether\n                      <jats:italic>lepb<\/jats:italic>\n                      labels injury\u2010emerging non\u2010CM cells, we tested the activity of\n                      <jats:italic>lepb<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010linked regeneration enhancer (\n                      <jats:italic>LEN<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) with chromatin accessibility profiles and transgenic lines. While nondetectable in uninjured hearts,\n                      <jats:italic>LEN<\/jats:italic>\n                      directs EC and Epi\/EPDC expression upon injury. The endogenous\n                      <jats:italic>LEN<\/jats:italic>\n                      activity was assessed using\n                      <jats:italic>LEN<\/jats:italic>\n                      deletion lines, demonstrating that\n                      <jats:italic>LEN<\/jats:italic>\n                      deletion abolished injury\u2010dependent expression of\n                      <jats:italic>lepb<\/jats:italic>\n                      , but not other nearby genes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our integrative analyses identify regeneration\u2010emerging cell\u2010types and factors, leading to the discovery of regenerative features of hearts.<\/jats:p>\n                  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