{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T10:41:33Z","timestamp":1789123293444,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,15]],"date-time":"2025-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BCS\u20101638812"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BCS\u20101638812"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IOS\u20101656315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IOS\u20101656315"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Developmental Dynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Longitudinal skeletal growth takes place in the cartilaginous growth plates. While growth plates are found at either end of conventional long bones, they occur at a variety of locations in the mammalian skeleton. For example, the metacarpals and metatarsals (MT) in the hands and feet form only a single growth plate at one end, and the pisiform in the wrist is the only carpal bone to contain a growth plate. We take advantage of this natural anatomical variation to test which components of the PTHrP\/Ihh feedback loop, a fundamental regulator of chondrocyte differentiation, are specific to growth plate function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Parathyroid hormone\u2010like hormone<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>Pthlh<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), the gene that transcribes parathyroid hormone\u2010related peptide (PTHrP), is expressed in the reserve zone of the growth plate\u2010forming end of the MT. At the opposite end, the absence of a PTHrP+ reserve zone results in premature chondrocyte differentiation and\n                      <jats:italic>Indian hedgehog<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>Ihh<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) expression.\n                      <jats:italic>Pthlh<\/jats:italic>\n                      is expressed in the reserve zone of the developing pisiform, confirming the existence of a true growth plate.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A pool of PTHrP+ reserve zone chondrocytes is a defining characteristic of growth plates, and its patterning may be key to evolved differences in growth plate location in the mammalian skeleton.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.70013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,15]],"date-time":"2025-03-15T08:15:46Z","timestamp":1742026546000},"page":"1307-1324","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The role of the\n                    <scp>PTHrP<\/scp>\n                    \/Ihh feedback loop in the unusual growth plate location in mammalian metatarsals and pisiforms"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"254","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7053-0344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip L.","family":"Reno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sherrie","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences Philadelphia College of 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