{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:28:13Z","timestamp":1787236093673,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,15]],"date-time":"2025-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["400358"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["400358"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Developmental Dynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While heart function is broadly conserved across vertebrates, the cellular phenotype of muscle cells (cardiomyocytes) varies across taxa and throughout ontogeny. Emerging evidence suggests that some attributes may correlate with the capacity for spontaneous cardiomyocyte replacement following injury. For example, among non\u2010regenerating taxa like adult mammals and birds, cardiomyocytes are polyploid, rarely proliferate, and are large in size. In contrast, in regeneration\u2010competent zebrafish and amphibians, cardiomyocytes are diploid, spontaneously proliferate, and are comparatively small. For other species, less is known.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Here, we investigate these attributes in the squamate\n                      <jats:italic>Eublepharis macularius<\/jats:italic>\n                      , the leopard gecko. Using the nuclear counterstain DAPI to measure fluorescence intensity as a proxy for DNA content, we found that &gt;90% of adult cardiomyocytes are diploid. Using serial histology and immunostaining for markers of DNA synthesis and mitosis, we determined that adult gecko cardiomyocytes spontaneously proliferate, albeit at significantly lower levels than previously reported in subadults. Furthermore, using wheat germ agglutinin, we found that the cross\u2010sectional area is maintained across ontogeny and that gecko cardiomyocytes are 10\u00d7 smaller than those of mice.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Taken together, our data show that gecko cardiomyocytes share several key cellular attributes with regeneration\u2010competent species and that postnatal ventricular growth occurs via cardiomyocyte hyperplasia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.70015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,15]],"date-time":"2025-03-15T08:20:36Z","timestamp":1742026836000},"page":"1203-1220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Squamate ventricular cardiomyocytes: Ploidy, proliferation, and heart muscle cell size in the leopard gecko (\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Eublepharis macularius<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"254","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0304-8688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathy","family":"Jacyniak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College University of Guelph  Guelph Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5587-6964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karemna","family":"Barrera Jaimes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College University of Guelph  Guelph Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minh Hanh","family":"Doan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College University of Guelph  Guelph Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordyn M.","family":"Chartrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College University of Guelph  Guelph Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0093-0895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew K.","family":"Vickaryous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College University of Guelph  Guelph Ontario 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