{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T00:10:14Z","timestamp":1760487014869,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82071057","82101229"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071057","82101229"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Developmental Dynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The eustachian tube (ET), a critical conduit connecting the middle ear and nasopharynx, is essential for normal middle ear function. However, it remains one of the least understood anatomical structures due to its complexity and the challenges of in vitro manipulation. Historically, these challenges have hindered research into the morphology and function development of the ET. This study elucidates the spatiotemporal relationship of ET morpho\u2010functional maturation in mice, identifying key periods and factors that lay the theoretical foundation for exploring the molecular mechanisms of ET\u2010related diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We comprehensively characterized the ET development in C57BL\/6 mice from embryonic day (E) 12.5 to postnatal day (P) 30, focusing on the development of cilia, secretory cells, surrounding glands, and macrophages. Immunostaining identified the localization and secretion patterns of the mucins Muc5b and Muc5ac within the ET. Additionally, using improved ET function assessment tools, we evaluated the developmental features of ET mucociliary clearance and ventilation functions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In C57BL\/6 mice, E16.5 marks a critical period for middle ear cavity and ET formation. Muc5b plays a foundational role during early stages, while Muc5ac enhances function in later stages. During P7\u201011, despite morphological maturity, ET function remains underdeveloped but continues to improve with growth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T08:00:50Z","timestamp":1729238450000},"page":"513-537","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Spatiotemporal characteristics of eustachian tube development in <scp>C57BL<\/scp>\/6 mice: Correlation between morphological and functional maturation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"254","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9130-2939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuan","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"},{"name":"Institute of Otorhinolaryngology\u2010Head 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