{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T07:04:02Z","timestamp":1790838242890,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,9]],"date-time":"2006-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1155081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genesis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mammalian inner ear is a complex organ that develops from a surface ectoderm into distinct auditory and vestibular components. Congenital malformation of these two components resulting from single or multiple gene defects is a common clinical occurrence and is observed in patients with split hand\/split foot malformation, a malformation which is phenocopied by <jats:italic>Dlx5\/6<\/jats:italic> null mice. Analysis of mice lacking <jats:italic>Dlx5<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Dlx6<\/jats:italic> homeobox genes identified their restricted and combined expression in the otic epithelium as a crucial regulator of vestibular cell fates. Otic induction initiates without incident in <jats:italic>Dlx5\/6<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> embryos, but dorsal otic derivatives including the semicircular ducts, utricle, saccule, and endolymphatic duct fail to form. <jats:italic>Dlx5<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Dlx6<\/jats:italic> seem to influence vestibular cell fates by restricting <jats:italic>Pax2<\/jats:italic> and activating <jats:italic>Gbx2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Bmp4<\/jats:italic> expression domains. Given their proximity to the disease locus and the observed phenotype in <jats:italic>Dlx5\/6<\/jats:italic> null mice, <jats:italic>Dlx5\/6<\/jats:italic> are likely candidates to mediate the inner ear defects observed in patients with split hand\/split foot malformation. genesis 44:425\u2013437, 2006. \u00a9 2006 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dvg.20233","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,9]],"date-time":"2006-08-09T21:18:47Z","timestamp":1155158327000},"page":"425-437","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["<i>Dlx5<\/i> and <i>Dlx6<\/i> homeobox genes are required for specification of the mammalian vestibular apparatus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Raymond 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