{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T15:22:42Z","timestamp":1791386562404,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]],"date-time":"2019-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["125912"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["125912"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Dyslexia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Early intervention is known to reduce reading disabilities; however, treatment response is variable, and some students have persistent deficits that require intensive supports. This study examined the immediate and 1\u2010year outcomes of an individualized and intensive reading program for third grade students, which was delivered throughout the school day for an average of 189\u00a0hr of instruction over 3\u00a0months. These students' performances were compared with two comparison groups, including poor readers who received small group supports and good readers who did not have additional reading instruction. The intensive group showed an improvement in word recognition and decoding fluency immediately after the program and 1\u00a0year later, and there was a decrease in significant reading impairments from 62% before intervention to 35% at follow\u2010up. Furthermore, baseline reading, spelling, phonological awareness, and rapid naming skills were predictive of persistent reading deficits at a later time point. Although improvements in reading skills were shown, a significant gap between poor and good readers persisted in the third and fourth grades. This study illustrates the importance of a tertiary intensive reading program, but also the need for continuing supports.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.1616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,25]],"date-time":"2019-04-25T01:50:46Z","timestamp":1556157046000},"page":"227-245","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Longitudinal outcomes of an individualized and intensive reading intervention for third grade students"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1018-9778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marita","family":"Partanen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Educational &amp; Counselling Psychology, and Special Education, Faculty of Education The University of British Columbia  Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda S.","family":"Siegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Educational &amp; Counselling Psychology, and Special Education, Faculty of Education The University of British Columbia  Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6526-0047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deborah E.","family":"Giaschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine The University of British Columbia  Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0014402914532234"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/07419325020230050501"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-49053-3_15"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","volume-title":"Seeing stars: Symbol imagery for phonemic awareness, sight words and spelling","author":"Bell N.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/93.3.491"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0033663"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008050403932"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","volume-title":"Test of nonverbal intelligence","author":"Brown L.","year":"2010"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"Kindergarten reading interventions for at\u2010risk students: Twenty years of research","volume":"2","author":"Cavanaugh C. L.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Learning Disabilities"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2004.00216.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022219415617163"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022219412442151"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","volume-title":"Conners","author":"Conners C. K.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-5826.2004.00106.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00222194060390060301"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022219412442155"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00222194060390050601"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0032581"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.01.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s1532799xssr0103_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0040059914522966"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Assisting students struggling with reading: Response to intervention and multi\u2010tier intervention for reading in the primary grades. A practice guide","author":"Gersten R.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rrq.45"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","volume-title":"Dynamic indicators of basic early literacy skills","author":"Good R. H.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","volume-title":"Basic reading inventory","author":"Johns J. L.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/76.11.1081"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","volume-title":"Kaufman test of educational achievement","author":"Kaufman A. S.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00222194060390040901"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10888430709336555"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","first-page":"212","article-title":"The effects of age and sublexical automaticity on reading outcomes for students with reading disabilities","volume":"39","author":"Metsala J. L.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Reading"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","volume-title":"Report of the National Reading Panel. Teaching children to read: An evidence\u2010based assessment of the scientific research literature on reading and its implication for reading instruction","author":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","volume-title":"Reading 44: A core reading framework","author":"North Vancouver School District","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","volume-title":"Firm Foundations: Early literacy teaching and training","author":"North Vancouver School District","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00222194050380060901"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11145-013-9472-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2009.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1511068"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Extensive reading interventions in K\u20103: From research to practice","author":"Scammacca N.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327035ex1304_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022219407313587"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00309831"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3102\/0034654314555996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221940103400104"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","volume-title":"Test of phonological awareness","author":"Torgesen J. K.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.91.4.579"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08039480310001391"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ldrp.12031"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001440290907500203"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001440291107700401"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_1","volume-title":"Woodcock Johnson III tests of achievement","author":"Woodcock R. W.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_1","volume-title":"Woodcock Johnson III tests of cognitive abilities","author":"Woodcock R. W.","year":"2001"}],"container-title":["Dyslexia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fdys.1616","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dys.1616","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/dys.1616","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/dys.1616","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,10]],"date-time":"2023-09-10T03:42:11Z","timestamp":1694317331000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/dys.1616"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/dys.1616"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dys.1616","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-9242","1099-0909"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1076-9242","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0909","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-08-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-03-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-04-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}