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Studies have shown that Pinyin instruction enhances both phonological awareness (e.g., Shu et al., Developmental Science, 2008, 11, 171\u2013181) and character reading (e.g., Lin et al., Psychological Science, 2010, 21, 1117\u20131122) in Chinese children. In the present study, we provided a 3\u2010week Pinyin intervention with a computer\u2010based Pinyin GraphoGame to disadvantaged migrant children with poor Pinyin skills. A total of 252 first graders who were children of migrant workers in a large Chinese city were assessed to identify poor Pinyin readers. Fifty\u2010six 7\u2010year\u2010old children with poor Pinyin skills were selected and randomly divided into a training group and a control group, with 28 children in each group. The training group played the Pinyin GraphoGame for 3\u2009weeks, while the control group received school instruction only during the same period. Results showed that the children in the training group outperformed their peers in the control group on Pinyin reading accuracy and fluency, onset\u2013rime and phonemic awareness, and character reading. These results suggest that the Pinyin GraphoGame may be a cost\u2010effective method to enhance Pinyin and literacy outcomes for underprivileged children in China.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.1654","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,9]],"date-time":"2020-03-09T02:29:54Z","timestamp":1583720994000},"page":"377-393","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["A computer\u2010based Pinyin intervention for disadvantaged children in China: Effects on Pinyin skills, phonological awareness, and character reading"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2193-6126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yixun","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Education, Faculty of Psychology Beijing Normal University  Beijing People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology University of Maryland  College Park Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Psychology and Human Development OISE\/University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Education, Faculty of Psychology Beijing Normal University  Beijing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaotian","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Education, Faculty of Psychology Beijing Normal University  Beijing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Education, Faculty of Psychology Beijing Normal University  Beijing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulla","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Applied Language Studies University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4  Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heikki","family":"Lyytinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 and Niilo M\u00e4ki Institute Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4  Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics(2018). 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